Related papers: Cosmic ray event generator Sibyll 2.1
A new release of the Monte Carlo event generator Herwig (version 7.2) is now available. This version introduces a number of improvements, notably: improvements to the simulation of multiple-parton interactions, including diffractive…
In this paper we present a comparative study between PYTHIA, EPOS, QGSJET, and SIBYLL generators. The global event observables considered are the charged energy flow, charged-particle distributions, charged-hadron production ratios and…
Air showers, produced by the interaction of energetic cosmic rays with the atmosphere, are an excellent alternative to study particle physics at energies beyond any human-made particle accelerator. For that, it is necessary to identify…
Extensive air showers induced from high-energy cosmic rays provide a window into understanding the most energetic phenomena in the universe. We present a new method for observing these showers using the silicon imaging detector Subaru Hyper…
KASCADE-Grande, the extension of the multi-detector setup of KASCADE, was devoted to measure the properties of extensive air showers initiated by high-energy cosmic rays in the primary energy range of 1 PeV up to 1 EeV. The observations of…
The present status of extensive air shower (EAS) simulation procedures is reviewed. The advantages of combining numerical and Monte Carlo methods for the description of EAS development are discussed. Physics content of cosmic ray…
The physics content of the QGSJET-III Monte Carlo model of high energy hadronic interactions is briefly described. The predictions of the model for extensive air shower characteristics are presented in comparison to the corresponding…
ALICE is a large experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Located 52 meters underground, its detectors are suitable to measure muons produced by cosmic-ray interactions in the atmosphere. In this paper, the studies of the cosmic muons…
Hadronic interaction models are a core ingredient of simulations of extensive air showers and pose the major source of uncertainties of predictions of air shower observables. Recently, Pythia~8, a hadronic interaction model popular in…
Over the past 20 years, KASCADE and its extension KASCADE-Grande were dedicated to measure high-energy cosmic rays with primary energies of 100 TeV to 1 EeV. The data accumulation was fully completed and all experimental components were…
The cosmological gamma-ray burst (GRB) phenomenon is reviewed. The broad observational facts and empirical phenomenological relations of the GRB prompt emission and afterglow are outlined. A well-tested, successful fireball shock model is…
This paper begins with a pedagogical discussion of the propagation of cosmic rays and the showers produced when a cosmic ray primary hits the upper atmosphere. The paper focusses cosmic rays, with energy > 10^19 eV. Emphasis is placed on…
Studies of the nature of cosmic ray particles at the highest energies are based on the measurement of extensive air showers. Most cosmic ray properties can therefore only be obtained from the interpretation of air shower data and are thus…
Three different models have been proposed for LiBeB production by cosmic rays: the CRI model in which the cosmic rays are accelerated out of an ISM of solar composition scaled with metallicity; the CRS model in which cosmic rays with…
The PYTHIA program can be used to generate high-energy-physics `events', i.e. sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation of…
A new release of the Monte Carlo program Herwig++ (version 2.1) is now available. This version includes a number of significant improvements including: an eikonal multiple parton-parton scattering model of the underlying event; the…
We present a new model for soft interactions in the Monte Carlo event-generator Herwig. The soft diffractive final states are modeled on the basis of the cluster hadronization model and interactions between soft particles are modeled as…
Air shower simulation programs are essential tools for the analysis of data from cosmic ray experiments and for planning the layout of new detectors. They are used to estimate the energy and mass of the primary particle. Unfortunately the…
Some features of modern simulation tools for high-energy physics are reviewed.
The PYTHIA program can be used to generate high-energy-physics `events', i.e. sets of outgoing particles produced in the interactions between two incoming particles. The objective is to provide as accurate as possible a representation of…