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In order to meet the theoretically achievable imaging performance, calibration of modern radio interferometers is a mandatory challenge, especially at low frequencies. In this perspective, we propose a novel parallel iterative…
We study the sensitivities of space infrared interferometers. We formulate the signal-to-noise ratios of infrared images obtained by aperture synthesis in the presence of source shot noise, background shot noise and detector read noise. We…
Displacement measuring interferometry is a crucial component in metrology applications. In this paper, we propose a fiber-based two-wavelength heterodyne interferometer as a compact and highly sensitive displacement sensor that can be used…
Measurements of optical range and time-of-flight are crucial for a variety of high-precision technologies. Competitive optical measurement techniques have been developed that balance precision with accuracy and system complexity. Here, we…
One of the biggest challenges associated with a nulling interferometer-based approach to detecting extra-solar Earth-like planets comes from the extremely stringent requirements of pathlength, polarization and amplitude matching in the…
The optical elements comprised of sub-diffractive light scatterers, or metasurfaces, hold a promise to reduce the footprint and unfold new functionalities of optical devices. A particular interest is focused on metasurfaces for manipulation…
Recent theoretical work suggested upper bounds on the operating bandwidths of flat lenses. Here, we show how these bounds can be circumvented via a multi-level diffractive lens (MDL) of diameter = 100 mm, focal length = 200 mm, device…
We have measured the photothermal effect in a single cross-polarized interferometer at audio frequencies (5 Hz - 4 kHz). In a Fabry-Perot interferometer, light in one polarization is chopped to periodically heat the interferometer mirrors,…
Observations at mas-resolution scales and high dynamic range hold a central place in achieving, for instance, the spectroscopic characterization of exo-Earths or the detailed mapping of their protoplanetary disc birthplace. Ground or…
Wavefront aberrations can reflect the imaging quality of high-performance optical systems better than geometric aberrations. Although laser interferometers have emerged as the main tool for measurement of transmitted wavefronts, their…
Owing to its capacity for unique (bio)-chemical specificity, microscopy withmid-IR illumination holds tremendous promise for a wide range of biomedical and industrial applications. The primary limitation, however, remains detection; with…
The calibration and traceability of high resolution frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) ladar sources is a requirement for their use in length and volume metrology. We report the calibration of a FMCW ladar length measurement system…
A fundamental limit to the sensitivity of optical interferometry is thermal noise that drives fluctuations in the positions of the surfaces of the interferometer's mirrors, and thereby in the phase of the intracavity field. Schemes for…
We study both the wave-like behavior and particle-like behavior in a general Mach-Zehnder interferometer with its asymmetric beam splitter. A error-free measurement in the detector is used to extract the which-path information. The fringe…
A standard multimode optical fiber can be used as a general purpose spectrometer after calibrating the wavelength dependent speckle patterns produced by interference between the guided modes of the fiber. A transmission matrix was used to…
We experimentally demonstrate interferometer-type guiding structures for neutral atoms based on dipole potentials created by micro-fabricated optical systems. As a central element we use an array of atom waveguides being formed by focusing…
Photons preferentially Compton scatter perpendicular to the plane of polarisation. This property can be exploited to design instruments to measure the linear polarisation of hard X-rays ($\sim$10 - 100 keV). Photons may undergo two…
A general model is presented for coupling of high-$Q$ whispering-gallery modes in optical microsphere resonators with coupler devices possessing discrete and continuous spectrum of propagating modes. By contrast to conventional high-Q…
We present a Michelson-type microwave interferometer for use in ferromagnetic resonance experiments. The interferometer is capable of broadband operation without manual adjustment of phase delay or amplitude attenuation. A prototype of the…
X-ray interferometry has the potential to provide imaging at ultra high angular resolutions of 100 micro arc seconds or better. However, designing a practical interferometer which fits within a reasonable envelope and that has sufficient…