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It is by now well established that galaxy evolution is driven by intrinsic and environmental processes, both contributing to shape the observed properties of galaxies. A number of early studies, both observational and theoretical, have…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-08-06 A. Pasquali

Circumstellar disks have long been regarded as windows into planetary systems. The advent of high sensitivity, high resolution imaging in the submillimetre where both the solid and gas components of disks can be detected opens up new…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-23 Brenda C. Matthews , JJ Kavelaars

Gas giant planets play a fundamental role in shaping the orbital architecture of planetary systems and in affecting the delivery of volatile materials to terrestrial planets in the habitable zones. Current theories of gas giant planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2010-06-30 Gennaro D'Angelo , Richard H. Durisen , Jack J. Lissauer

Here we show that Iapetus can serve to discriminate between satellite formation models. Its accretion history can be understood in terms of a two-component gaseous subnebula, with a relatively dense inner region, and an extended tail out to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Ignacio Mosqueira , Paul R. Estrada , Sebastien Charnoz

Most detected planet-bearing binaries are in wide orbits, for which a high inclination, $i_B$, between the binary orbital plane and the plane of the planetary disk around the primary is likely to be common. In this paper, we investigate the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Ji-Wei Xie , Matthew Payne , Philippe Thebault , Ji-Lin Zhou , Jian Ge

Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation process of satellite systems, and relatively large moons are thought to be born in circumplanetary disks. Making a single-moon system is known to be more difficult than…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-12 Yuri I. Fujii , Masahiro Ogihara

A better knowledge of Jovian satellites' origins will bring light on the environment that surrounded Jupiter during its formation and can help us to understand the characteristics of this unique satellite system. We developed a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-09 Yamila Miguel , Shigeru Ida

The past decade has seen major progress in our understanding of terrestrial planet formation. Yet key questions remain. In this review we first address the growth of 100 km-scale planetesimals as a consequence of dust coagulation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 Andre Izidoro , Sean N. Raymond

In the core accretion scenario, gas giant planets are formed form solid cores with several Earth masses via gas accretion. We investigate the formation of such cores via collisional growth from kilometer-sized planetesimals in turbulent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-08 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hidekazu Tanaka

In models of planetary accretion, pebbles form by dust coagulation and rapidly migrate toward the central star. Planetesimals may continuously form from pebbles over the age of the protoplanetary disk by yet uncertain mechanisms. Meanwhile,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-04-17 Ryuji Morishima

We present preliminary results from a series of high-resolution N-body simulations that focus on 8 dark matter halos each of order a million particles within the virial radius. We follow the time evolution of hundreds of individually…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Stuart P. D. Gill , Alexander Knebe , Brad K. Gibson

The formation of satellite systems in circum-planetary discs is considered to be similar to the formation of rocky planets in a proto-planetary disc, especially Super-Earths. Thus, it is possible to use systems with large satellites to test…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-07 Ricardo A Moraes , Wilhelm Kley , Ernesto Vieira Neto

Planets are built from planetesimals: solids larger than a kilometer which grow by colliding pairwise. Planetesimals themselves are unlikely to form by two-body collisions; sub-km objects have gravitational fields individually too weak, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 E. Chiang , A. Youdin

In this chapter, we review the processes involved in the formation of planetesimals and comets. We will start with a description of the physics of dust grain growth and how this is mediated by gas-dust interactions in planet-forming disks.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-12 Jacob B. Simon , Jürgen Blum , Til Birnstiel , David Nesvorný

This pedagogical chapter covers the theory of planet formation, with an emphasis on the physical processes relevant to current research. After summarizing empirical constraints from astronomical and geophysical data, we describe the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Andrew N. Youdin , Scott J. Kenyon

We present models for the formation of terrestrial planets, and the collisional evolution of debris disks, in planetary systems that contain multiple unstable gas giants. We previously showed that the dynamics of the giant planets…

Sufficiently massive growing giant planets have circumplanetary disks, and the capture of solid bodies by the disks would likely influence the growth of the planets and formation of satellite systems around them. In addition to dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-25 Ryo Suetsugu , Keiji Ohtsuki , Tetsuya Fujita

Chemical and chronological information preserved in meteorites permits the reconstruction of events and processes in the solar nebula from the formation of the first solids to the accretion of planetary bodies and their subsequent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-14 Klaus Mezger , Jonas Pape , Aryavart Anand , Pascal M. Kruttasch , Hauke Vollstaedt , Jan Hoffmann

If we want to understand planetesimal formation, the only data set we have is our own Solar System. It is particularly interesting as it is so far the only planetary system we know of that developed life. Understanding the conditions under…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-23 Christian T. Lenz , Hubert Klahr , Tilman Birnstiel , Katherine Kretke , Sebastian Stammler

Planetesimal formation stage represents a major gap in our understanding of the planet formation process. The late-stage planet accretion models typically make arbitrary assumptions about planetesimals and pebbles distribution while the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-13 Joanna Drazkowska , Yann Alibert