Related papers: Complexity through the Observation of Simple Syste…
In many cases an intelligent agent may want to learn how to mimic a single observed demonstrated trajectory. In this work we consider how to perform such procedural learning from observation, which could help to enable agents to better use…
This paper frames a general prediction system as an observer traveling around a continuous space, measuring values at some locations, and predicting them at others. The observer is completely agnostic about any particular task being solved;…
Complex systems' modeling and simulation are powerful ways to investigate a multitude of natural phenomena providing extended knowledge on their structure and behavior. However, enhanced modeling and simulation require integration of…
Several concepts on the measure of observability, reachability, and robustness are defined and illustrated for both linear and nonlinear control systems. Defined by using computational dynamic optimization, these concepts are applicable to…
Many real-world dynamic systems, both natural and artificial, are understood to be performing computations. For artificial dynamic systems, explicitly designed to perform computation - such as digital computers - by construction, we can…
Nonlinear systems are capable of displaying complex behavior even if this is the result of a small number of interacting time scales. A widely studied case is when complex dynamics emerges out of a nonlinear system being forced by a simple…
A simply structured distributed observer is described for estimating the state of a discrete-time, jointly observable, input-free, linear system whose sensed outputs are distributed across a time-varying network. It is explained how to…
The STAR architecture was designed to test the value of the full Selective Tuning model of visual attention for complex real-world visuospatial tasks and behaviors. However, knowledge of how humans solve such tasks in 3D as active observers…
Our machines, products, utilities, and environments have long been monitored by embedded software systems. Our professional, commercial, social and personal lives are also subject to monitoring as they are mediated by software systems. Data…
In a constantly changing world, animals must account for environmental volatility when making decisions. To appropriately discount older, irrelevant information, they need to learn the rate at which the environment changes. We develop an…
The science of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is populated by isolated empirical findings, often tied to specific technologies, designs, and tasks. This situation probably lies in observing the wrong object of study, that is to say,…
Complex Systems were identified and studied in different fields, such as physics, biology, and economics. These systems exhibit exciting properties such as self-organization, robust order, and emergence. In recent years, software systems…
Living systems, from single cells to higher vertebrates, receive a continuous stream of non-stationary inputs that they sense, e.g., via cell surface receptors or sensory organs. Integrating these time-varying, multi-sensory, and often…
Human visual reasoning is characterized by an ability to identify abstract patterns from only a small number of examples, and to systematically generalize those patterns to novel inputs. This capacity depends in large part on our ability to…
Rational observers are to be constructed for rational systems while polynomial observers are to be constructed for polynomial systems. An observer synthesis procedure is formulated. First an output-based rational realization is synthesized…
We revisit the behavioral approach to systems theory and make explicit the abstract pattern that governs it. Our end goal is to use that pattern to understand interaction-related phenomena that emerge when systems interact. Rather than…
Building software-driven systems that are easily understood becomes a challenge, with their ever-increasing complexity and autonomy. Accordingly, recent research efforts strive to aid in designing explainable systems. Nevertheless, a common…
In discrete-event system control, the worst-case time complexity for computing a system's observer is exponential in the number of that system's states. This results in practical difficulties since some problems require calculating multiple…
Infinite-dimensional control systems with outputs are considered in the Hamiltonian formulation with generalized coordinates. An explicit scheme for constructing a dynamic observer for this class of systems is proposed with arbitrary gain…
Establishing the emergence of evolutionary behavior as a defining characteristic of 'life' is a major step in the Artificial life (ALife) studies. We present here an abstract formal framework for this aim based upon the notion of high-level…