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An efficient implementation of min-sum SC/list decoding of convolutional polar codes is proposed. The complexity of the proposed implementation of SC decoding is more than two times smaller than the straightforward implementation. Moreover,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Ruslan Morozov

We study the problem of enumerating the answers to a query formulated in monadic second order logic (MSO) over an unranked forest F that is compressed by a straight-line program (SLP) D. Our main result states that this can be done after…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Markus Lohrey , Markus L. Schmid

Modern key-value stores rely heavily on Log-Structured Merge (LSM) trees for write optimization, but this design introduces significant read amplification. Auxiliary structures like Bloom filters help, but impose memory costs that scale…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Nicholas Fidalgo , Puyuan Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become extremely potent instruments with exceptional capacities for comprehending and producing human-like text in a wide range of applications. However, the increasing size and complexity of LLMs present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yingbing Huang , Lily Jiaxin Wan , Hanchen Ye , Manvi Jha , Jinghua Wang , Yuhong Li , Xiaofan Zhang , Deming Chen

We show that successive cancellation list decoding can be formulated exclusively using log-likelihood ratios. In addition to numerical stability, the log-likelihood ratio based formulation has useful properties which simplify the sorting…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Mani Bastani Parizi , Andreas Burg

Accurate noise estimation is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computing, as decoding performance depends critically on the fidelity of the circuit-level noise parameters. In this work, we introduce a differentiable Maximum Likelihood…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Hanyan Cao , Dongyang Feng , Cheng Ye , Feng Pan

We introduce the spanning tree matching (STM) decoder for surface codes, which guarantees the error correction capability up to the code's designed distance by first employing an instance of the minimum spanning tree on a subset of ancilla…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-17 Diego Forlivesi , Lorenzo Valentini , Marco Chiani

This paper proposes a novel procedure for training an encoder-decoder based deep neural network which compresses NxM models into a single model enabling us to dynamically choose the number of encoder and decoder layers for decoding.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Raj Dabre , Atsushi Fujita

Code comment classification is a critical task for automated software documentation and analysis. In the context of the NLBSE'26 Tool Competition, we present LoRA-MME, a Multi-Model Ensemble architecture utilizing Parameter-Efficient…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Md Akib Haider , Ahsan Bulbul , Nafis Fuad Shahid , Aimaan Ahmed , Mohammad Ishrak Abedin

Compaction is a necessary, but often costly background process in write-optimized data structures like LSM-trees that reorganizes incoming data that is sequentially appended to logs. In this paper, we introduce Transformation-Embedded…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Holly Casaletto , Jeff Lefevre , Aldrin Montana , Peter Alvaro

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) usually suffer from prohibitive computational and memory costs due to the quadratic growth of visual tokens with image resolution. Existing token compression methods, while varied, often lack a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Jingyu Lei , Gaoang Wang , Der-Horng Lee

We describe a framework for maintaining forest algebra representations that are of logarithmic height for unranked trees. Such representations can be computed in O(n) time and updated in O(log(n)) time. The framework is of potential…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Sarah Kleest-Meißner , Jonas Marasus , Matthias Niewerth

We develop Latent Exploration Score (LES) to mitigate over-exploration in Latent Space Optimization (LSO), a popular method for solving black-box discrete optimization problems. LSO utilizes continuous optimization within the latent space…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Omer Ronen , Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Richard Baraniuk , Randall Balestriero , Bin Yu

We propose a computationally efficient multilevel coding scheme to achieve the capacity of an ISI channel using layers of binary inputs. The transmitter employs multilevel coding with linear mapping. The receiver uses multistage decoding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Mei Chen , Teng Li , Oliver M. Collins

Interactive speech recognition systems must generate words quickly while also producing accurate results. Two-pass models excel at these requirements by employing a first-pass decoder that quickly emits words, and a second-pass decoder that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Ke Hu , Ruoming Pang , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

This paper describes a constant-time lattice encoder for the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recommended post-quantum encryption algorithm: Kyber. The first main contribution of this paper is to refine the analysis of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-12 Shuiyin Liu , Amin Sakzad

Multilingual Machine Translation promises to improve translation quality between non-English languages. This is advantageous for several reasons, namely lower latency (no need to translate twice), and reduced error cascades (e.g., avoiding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Telmo Pessoa Pires , Robin M. Schmidt , Yi-Hsiu Liao , Stephan Peitz

In this paper, an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-aided large-scale MIMO system is investigated in which constant envelope precoding (CEP) is utilized at each base station (BS). It is both cost-effective and energy-efficient to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-27 Yasaman Omid , Seyyed MohammadMahdi Shahabi , Cunhua Pan , Yansha Deng , Arumugam Nallanathan

We frame code generation as a black-box optimization problem within the code space and demonstrate how optimization-inspired techniques can enhance inference scaling. Based on this perspective, we propose SCATTERED FOREST SEARCH (SFS), a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jonathan Light , Yue Wu , Yiyou Sun , Wenchao Yu , Yanchi liu , Xujiang Zhao , Ziniu Hu , Haifeng Chen , Wei Cheng

Box Decoding is a sort-free tree-search MIMO detector whose complexity is independent of the QAM order, achieved by searching a fixed candidate box around a zero-forcing (ZF) estimate. However, without pruning, the number of visited nodes…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-13 Shengchun Yang , Amit Sravan Bora , Emil Matus , Gerhard Fettweis