Related papers: Involute, minimal, outer and increasingly trapped …
In a recent paper (gr-qc/0509107) the author and Rick Schoen obtained a generalization to higher dimensions of a classical result of Hawking concerning the topology of black holes. It was proved that, apart from certain exceptional…
We prove a general fusion theorem for complete orientable minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with finite total curvature. As a consequence, complete orientable minimal surfaces of weak finite total curvature with exotic geometry are…
We prove that strictly stationary spacetimes cannot contain closed trapped nor marginally trapped surfaces. The result is purely geometric and holds in arbitrary dimension. Other results concerning the interplay between (generalized)…
This is a preliminary note on a family of minimal surfaces in the 3-sphere defined by a compatible fourth order equation. The minimal surfaces are geometrically characterized either by having a surface of revolution like induced metric, or…
We construct algorithms and topological invariants that allow us to distinguish the topological type of a surface, as well as functions and vector fields for their topological equivalence. In the first part (arXiv:2501.15657), we discused…
We analytically construct an infinite number of trapped toroids in spherically symmetric Cauchy hypersurfaces of the Einstein equations. We focus on initial data which represent "constant density stars" momentarily at rest. There exists an…
We continue the investigation of formation of trapped surfaces in strongly curved , conformally flat geometries. Initial data in quasi-polar gauges rather then maximal ones are considered. This implies that apparent horizons coincide with…
In this paper we prove two theorems. The first one is a structure result that describes the extrinsic geometry of an embedded surface with constant mean curvature (possibly zero) in a homogeneously regular Riemannian three-manifold, in any…
This paper examines the relationship between the knotting of an embedded surface in $\R^3$ and the knotting of its fold curves, formed by the singular set of projection to a plane. The first result shows that every surface, no matter how…
In this paper, we obtain the necessary equations in a conformal parameter induced by the first or second fundamental forms for a surface that is isometrically immersed in the warped product $\mathbb{R} \times_{f} \mathbb{M}^{2}(\kappa)$…
We present some simple pen and paper examples of trapped surfaces in order to help visualising this key concept of the theory of gravitational collapse. We collect these examples from time-symmetric initial data, 2+1 dimensions, collapsing…
We present numerical simulations of a Kerr black hole perturbed by a pulse of ingoing gravitational radiation. For strong perturbations we find up to five concentric marginally outer trapped surfaces. These trapped surfaces appear and…
We introduce a family of boundary conditions and point constraints for conformal immersions that increase the controllability of surfaces defined as minimizers of conformal variational problems. Our free boundary conditions fix the metric…
In this paper we examine the flow generated by coupled surface and internal small-amplitude water waves in a two-fluid layer model, where we take the upper layer to be rotational (constant vorticity) and the lower layer to be irrotational.…
Internal stabilization adds a trivial handle to an embedded surface in a coordinate chart. It is known that any pair of smoothly knotted surfaces in a simply-connected $4$-manifold become smoothly isotopic after sufficiently many internal…
Two-dimensional potential flows of an ideal fluid with a free surface are considered in situations when shape of the bottom depends on time due to external reasons. Exact nonlinear equations describing surface waves in terms of the so…
Consider a domain D in R^3 which is convex (possibly all R^3) or which is smooth and bounded. Given any open surface M, we prove that there exists a complete, proper minimal immersion f : M --> D. Moreover, if D is smooth and bounded, then…
Detecting hidden convexity is one of the tools to address nonconvex minimization problems. After giving a formal definition of hidden convexity, we introduce the notion of conditional infimum, as it will prove instrumental in detecting…
We study the motion of surfaces in an intrinsic formulation in which the surface is described by its metric and curvature tensors. The evolution equations for the six quantities contained in these tensors are reduced in number in two cases:…
A dynamically transversely trapping surface (DTTS) is a new concept of an extension of a photon sphere that appropriately represents a strong gravity region and has close analogy with a trapped surface. We study formation of a marginally…