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The radical pair mechanism is one of two distinct mechanisms used to explain the navigation of birds in geomagnetic fields. However, little research has been done to explore the role of quantum entanglement in this mechanism. In this paper,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 James A. Pauls , Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

We review the spin radical pair mechanism which is a promising explanation of avian navigation. This mechanism is based on the dependence of product yields on (1) the hyperfine interaction involving electron spins and neighboring nuclear…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-03-24 Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

Radical pairs and the dynamics they undergo are prevalent in many chemical and biological systems. Specifically, it has been proposed that the radical pair mechanism results from a relatively strong hyperfine interaction with its intrinsic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-26 Amit Finkler , Durga Dasari

Magnetic measurement can be performed by various sensors, such as SQUID and Giant Magnetoresistance. This device can achieve high accuracy while losing efficiency and convenience. The model of biological magnetic sensing in avian proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-25 Wei-Yin Chiang , Yuan-Chung Cheng , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

The Radical Pair Mechanism can help to explain avian orientation and navigation. Some evidence indicates that the intensity of external magnetic fields plays an important role in avian navigation. In this paper, based on a two-stage…

Biological Physics · Physics 2015-06-18 Yiteng Zhang , Gennady P. Berman , Sabre Kais

The radical-pair-based chemical reaction could be used by birds for the navigation via the geomagnetic direction. An inherent physical mechanism is that the quantum coherent transition from a singlet state to triplet states of the radical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-23 C. Y. Cai , Qing Ai , H. T. Quan , C. P. Sun

For the first time in history, humankind might conceivably begin to imagine itself as a multi-planetary species. This goal will entail technical innovation in a number of contexts, including that of healthcare. All life on Earth shares an…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-11-07 Betony Adams , Abbas Hassasfar , Ilya Sinayskiy , Alistair Nunn , Geoffrey Guy , Francesco Petruccione

It is known that more than 50 species use the Earth's magnetic field for orientation and navigation. Intensive studies particularly behavior experiments with birds, provide support for a chemical compass based on magnetically sensitive free…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-12-10 Jianming Cai , Martin B. Plenio

We present the quantum limits to the magnetic sensitivity of a new kind of magnetometer based on biochemical reactions. Radical-ion-pair reactions, the biochemical system underlying the chemical compass, are shown to offer a new and unique…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-03 I. K. Kominis

It is hypothesised that the avian compass relies on spin dynamics in a recombining radical pair. Quantum coherence has been suggested as a resource to this process that nature may utilise to achieve increased compass sensitivity. To date,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Luke D. Smith , Jean Deviers , Daniel R. Kattnig

Quantum sensing enables the ultimate precision attainable in parameter estimation. Circumstantial evidence suggests that certain organisms, most notably migratory songbirds, also harness quantum-enhanced magnetic field sensing via a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-17 Luke D. Smith , Jonas Glatthard , Farhan T. Chowdhury , Daniel R. Kattnig

Birds have a remarkable ability to obtain navigational information from the Earth's magnetic field. The primary detection mechanism of this compass sense is uncertain but appears to involve the quantum spin dynamics of radical pairs formed…

Biological Physics · Physics 2017-09-18 Daniel R. Kattnig , P. J. Hore

The radical pair mechanism (RPM) in the chemical magnetic compass model is considered to be one of the most promising candidates for the avian magnetic navigation, and quantum needle phenomenon further boosts the navigation precision to a…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Xiaoyu Chen , Haibin Liu , Jianming Cai

The radical-pair mechanism was introduced in the 1960's to explain anomalously large EPR and NMR signals in chemical reactions of organic molecules. It has evolved to the cornerstone of spin chemistry, the study of the effect electron and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2016-01-05 I. K. Kominis

The chemical compass model, based on radical pair reactions, is a fascinating idea to explain avian magnetoreception. At present, questions concerning the key ingredients responsible for the high sensitivity of a chemical compass and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-12 Jianming Cai , Filippo Caruso , Martin B. Plenio

A quantum-based magnetic compass sensor, mediated through radical pair reactions, has been suggested to underlie the sensory ability of migrating birds to receive directional information from the geomagnetic field. Here we extend the…

Biological Physics · Physics 2013-09-26 Maria Procopio , Thorsten Ritz

Radical-ion pairs and their reactions have triggered the study of quantum effects in biological systems. This is because they exhibit a number of effects best understood within quantum information science, and at the same time are central…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-06 K. M. Vitalis , I. K. Kominis

The radical pair mechanism is an important model that may provide a basis for biological magnetoreception. To account for the high orientation precision of the real avian compass, P. J. Hore et al. proposed an intriguing phenomenon called…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Xiaoyu Chen , Haibin Liu , Jianming Cai

Radical-pair reactions pertinent to biological magnetic field sensing are an ideal system for demonstrating the paradigm of quantum biology, the exploration of quantum coherene effects in complex biological systems. We here provide yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 I. K. Kominis

A large and growing body of research shows that weak magnetic fields can significantly influence various biological systems, including plants, animals, and humans. However, the underlying mechanisms behind these phenomena remain elusive. It…

Biological Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Hadi Zadeh-Haghighi , Christoph Simon
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