Related papers: Markoff-Lagrange spectrum and extremal numbers

We study the graph of the function $d(t)$ encoding the Hausdorff dimensions of the classical Lagrange and Markov spectra with half-infinite lines of the form $(-\infty, t)$. For this sake, we use the fact that the Hausdorff dimension of…

The irrationality exponent $\mu(t)$ of an irrational number t, defined using the irrationality measure $1/q^\mu$, distinguishes among non-Liouville numbers and is infinite for Liouville numbers. Using the irrationality measure $1/\beta^q$,…

We consider the real number $\sigma$ with continued fraction expansion $[a_0, a_1, a_2,\ldots] = [1,2,1,4,1,2,1,8,1,2,1,4,1,2,1,16,\ldots]$, where $a_i$ is the largest power of $2$ dividing $i+1$. We compute the irrationality measure of…

For any two real-valued continuous-path martingales $X=\{X_t\}_{t\geq 0}$ and $Y=\{Y_t\}_{t\geq 0}$, with $X$ and $Y$ being orthogonal and $Y$ being differentially subordinate to $X$, we obtain sharp $L^p$ inequalities for martingales of…

We use techniques of dyadic analysis in order to prove that, for every $0<s<\tfrac{1}{2}$, there exists a positive constant $\gamma(s)$ such that the inequality $$\left(\iint_{\mathbb{R}^2}|x-y|^{2s-1}|\varphi(x)||\varphi(y)|dx…

Robin's Inequality posits $G(n)<e^{\gamma}$ for $n>5040$. Robin also showed that if the Riemann Hypothesis (RH) is false, then $G(n)>e^{\gamma}\left(1+\displaystyle\frac{c}{(\log n)^{b}}\right)$ for infinitely many values of $n$. By…

Consider the problem {ll} \Delta^2 u= \lambda e^{u} &\text{in} B u=\frac{\partial u}{\partial n}=0 &\text{on}\partial B, where $B$ is the unit ball in $\R^N$ and $\lambda$ is a parameter. Unlike the Gelfand problem the natural candidate…

A lambda colouring (or $L(2,1)-$colouring) of a graph is an assignment of non-negative integers (with minimum assignment $0$) to its vertices such that the adjacent vertices must receive integers at least two apart and vertices at distance…

We consider linear and non-linear boundary value problems associated to the fractional Hardy-Schr\"odinger operator $ L_{\gamma,\alpha}: = ({-}{ \Delta})^{\frac{\alpha}{2}}- \frac{\gamma}{|x|^{\alpha}}$ on domains of $\mathbb{R}^n$…

In this article, we give an asymptotic bound for the exponential sum of the M\"obius function $\sum_{n \le x} \mu(n) e(\alpha n)$ for a fixed irrational number $\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$. This exponential sum was originally studied by Davenport…

We prove two-sided estimates for the best (i.e., the smallest possible) constant $\,c_n(\alpha)\,$ in the Markov inequality $$ \|p_n'\|_{w_\alpha} \le c_n(\alpha) \|p_n\|_{w_\alpha}\,, \qquad p_n \in {\cal P}_n\,. $$ Here, ${\cal P}_n$…

We study sharp weighted Sobolev-type inequalities of the form \[ \int_{0}^{1}|u(x)|\rho(x) \diff x \leqslant \Lambda \Bigl(\int_{0}^{1}|u^{(k)}(x)|^2 \diff x\Bigr)^{1/2}, \qquad u\in H_0^k(0,1), \] where $\rho$ is a non-negative weight. We…

Let $Z=(Z_t)_{t\geq0}$ be an additive process with a bounded triplet $(0,0,\Lambda_t)_{t\geq0}$. Suppose that for any Schwartz function $\varphi$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$ whose Fourier transform is in $C_c^{\infty}(B_{c_s} \setminus B_{c_s^{-1}}…

We give a unified and systematic way to find bounds for the largest real eigenvalue of a nonnegative matrix by considering its modified quotient matrix. We leverage this insight to identify the unique class of matrices whose largest real…

Let $r\geq 3$ be an integer and $G$ be a graph. Let $\delta(G), \Delta(G)$, $\alpha(G)$ and $\mu(G)$ denotes minimum degree, maximum degree, independence number and matching number of $G$, respectively. Recently, Caro, Davila and Pepper…

To our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to consider the existence issue for fractional $p$-Laplacian equation: $(-\Delta)_p^s u= \lambda f(u),\; u> 0 ~\text{in}~\Omega;\; u=0\;\text{in}~ \mathbb{R}^N\setminus\Omega$, where $p>1$,…

A point (x1, x2) with coordinates in a subfield of R of transcendence degree one over Q, with 1, x1, x2 linearly independent over Q, may have a uniform exponent of approximation by elements of Q^2 that is strictly larger than the lower…

The ordinary continued fractions expansion of a real number is based on the Euclidean division. Variants of the latter yield variants of the former, all encompassed by a more general Dynamical Systems framework. For all these variants the…

We show how to prove theorems in additive number theory using a decision procedure based on finite automata. Among other things, we obtain the following analogue of Lagrange's theorem: every natural number > 686 is the sum of at most 4…

In 1966, Shanks and Schmid investigated the asymptotic behavior of the number of positive integers less than or equal to x which are represented by the quadratic form X^2+nY^2. Based on some numerical computations, they observed that the…