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We define a kind of heat engine via three-dimensional charged BTZ black holes. This case is quite subtle and needs to be more careful. The heat flow along the isochores does not equal to zero since the specific heat $C_V\neq0$ and this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-07 Jie-Xiong Mo , Feng Liang , Gu-Qiang Li

We introduce heat engines working in the nano-regime that allow to extract a finite amount of deterministic work. We show that the efficiency of these cycles is strictly smaller than Carnot's, and we associate this difference with a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-11 Federico Cerisola , Facundo Sapienza , Augusto Roncaglia

The Carnot cycle imposes a fundamental upper limit to the efficiency of a macroscopic motor operating between two thermal baths. However, this bound needs to be reinterpreted at microscopic scales, where molecular bio-motors and some…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-02-03 Ignacio A. Martínez , Édgar Roldán , Luis Dinis , Dmitri Petrov , Juan M. R. Parrondo , Raúl A. Rica

Based on a quantum thermodynamic protocol for shortcut to isothermality that smoothly modify the system-reservoir interaction can significantly speed up an isothermal process while keeping the overall dissipation constant [Phys. Rev. X. 10,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Yanchao Zhang , Shuang Wang

Continuous particle exchange thermal machines require no time-dependent driving, can be realised in solid-state electronic devices, and miniaturised to nanometre scale. Quantum dots, providing a narrow energy filter and allowing to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Eugenia Pyurbeeva , Ronnie Kosloff

This paper shows a fundamental thermodynamic similarity between thermoelectric and photovoltaic energy converters which, at open circuit, can be represented as isochoric engines generating a finite chemical potential which appears as…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-11-21 Tom Markvart

Heat engines that convert thermal energy into work are a cornerstone of classical thermodynamics and remain an active area of contemporary research. Notable examples include microscopic heat engines, trade-off relations between power and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-04-07 Gustavo A. L. Forão , Arya Datta , Carlos E. Fiore , Andre C. Barato

We identify a velocity distribution function of ideal gas particles that is compatible with the local equilibrium assumption and the fundamental thermodynamic relation satisfying the endoreversibility. We find that this distribution is a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-19 Yuki Izumida , Koji Okuda

Established heat engines in quantum regime can be modeled with various quantum systems as working substances. For example, in the non-relativistic case, we can model the heat engine using infinite potential well as a working substance to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-09 Pritam Chattopadhyay , Goutam Paul

We consider measurement based single temperature quantum heat engine without feedback control, introduced recently by Yi, Talkner and Kim [Phys. Rev. E 96, 022108 (2017)]. Taking the working medium of the engine to be a one-dimensional…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-20 Arpan Das , Sibasish Ghosh

Here, we investigate the maximum power and corresponding efficiency of thermoelectric generators through devising a set of protocols for the isothermal and adiabatic processes of thermoelectricity to build a Carnot-like thermoelectric…

Applied Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Yuchao Hua , Lingai Luo , Zeng-Yuan Guo

We study a quantum thermal engine model for which the heat transfer law is determined by Einstein's theory of radiation. The working substance of the quantum engine is assumed to be a two-level quantum systems of which the constituent…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2012-11-30 H. Yan , Hao Guo

Standard heat machines (engine, heat pump, refrigerator) are composed of a system ("working fluid") coupled to at least two equilibrium baths at different temperatures and periodically driven by an external device (piston or rotor) called…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-26 Rober Alicki , David Gelbwaser-Klimovsky

It is shown that in theories of gravity where the cosmological constant is considered a thermodynamic variable, it is natural to use black holes as heat engines. Two examples are presented in detail using AdS charged black holes as the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-08-04 Clifford V. Johnson

In 1975, Courzon and Ahlborn studied a Carnot engine with thermal losses and got an expression for its efficiency that described better the performance of actual heat machines than the traditional result due to Carnot. In their original…

General Physics · Physics 2012-09-28 E. N. Miranda

Algebraic methods for solving time dependent Hamiltonians are used to investigate the performance of quantum thermal machines. We investigate the thermodynamic properties of an engine formed by two coupled q-bits, performing an Otto cycle.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-27 A. C. Duriez , D. Martínez-Tibaduiza , A. Z. Khoury

We present a theoretical and numerical analysis of a quantum system that is capable of functioning as a heat engine. This system could be realized experimentally using cold bosonic atoms confined to a double well potential that is created…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2012-02-27 O. Fialko , D. Hallwood

From the steam engine to current nano-devices, the design of efficient thermal machines has been instrumental in modern societies. In its essence a thermal engine can be thought as a working substance, in contact with two or more baths,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-03-18 Michele Campisi , Rosario Fazio

We have performed an extensive analysis of a single particle stochastic heat engine constructed by manipulating a Brownian particle in a time dependent harmonic potential. The cycle consists of two isothermal steps at different temperatures…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-12-01 Shubhashis Rana , P. S. Pal , Arnab Saha , A. M. Jayannavar

Different economical configurations, due for instance to the relative cost of the fuel it consumes, can push a heat engine into operating whether at maximum efficiency or at maximum power produced. Any relevant design of such system hence…

Classical Physics · Physics 2016-07-05 F. Lanzetta , A. Vaudrey , P. Baucour