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The graph isomorphism problem looks deceptively simple, but although polynomial-time algorithms exist for certain types of graphs such as planar graphs and graphs with bounded degree or eigenvalue multiplicity, its complexity class is still…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Stefan Klus , Patrick Gelß

In this paper, we propose algorithms for the graph isomorphism (GI) problem that are based on the eigendecompositions of the adjacency matrices. The eigenvalues of isomorphic graphs are identical. However, two graphs $ G_A $ and $ G_B $ can…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-08-14 Stefan Klus , Tuhin Sahai

Effective search for graph automorphisms allows identifying symmetries in many discrete structures, ranging from chemical molecules to microprocessor circuits. Using this type of structure can enhance visualization as well as speed up…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-31 Hadi Katebi , Karem A. Sakallah , Igor L. Markov

The recently introduced A-homotopy groups for graphs are investigated. The main concern of the present article is the construction of an infinite cell complex, the homotopy groups of which are isomorphic to the A-homotopy groups of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 E. Babson , H. Barcelo , M. de Longueville , R. Laubenbacher

In the constraint programming framework, state-of-the-art static and dynamic decomposition techniques are hard to apply to problems with complete initial constraint graphs. For such problems, we propose a hybrid approach of these techniques…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Stephane Zampelli , Martin Mann , Yves Deville , Rolf Backofen

In this paper, we demonstrate that considering experiments in a graph-theoretic manner allows us to exploit automorphisms of the graph to reduce the number of evaluations of candidate designs for those experiments, and thus find optimal…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-28 Ben M. Parker , Steven G Gilmour , Vasiliki Koutra

A graph $G$ covers a graph $H$ if there exists a locally bijective homomorphism from $G$ to $H$. We deal with regular covers where this homomorphism is prescribed by the action of a semiregular subgroup of $\textrm{Aut}(G)$. We study…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-01-31 Jiří Fiala , Pavel Klavík , Jan Kratochvíl , Roman Nedela

The smoothing issue in graph learning leads to indistinguishable node representations, posing significant challenges for graph-related tasks. However, our experiments reveal that this problem can uncover underlying properties of node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Xiangyu Dong , Xingyi Zhang , Yanni Sun , Lei Chen , Mingxuan Yuan , Sibo Wang

The rise of graph analytic systems has created a need for ways to measure and compare the capabilities of these systems. Graph analytics present unique scalability difficulties. The machine learning, high performance computing, and visual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-03-07 Siddharth Samsi , Vijay Gadepally , Michael Hurley , Michael Jones , Edward Kao , Sanjeev Mohindra , Paul Monticciolo , Albert Reuther , Steven Smith , William Song , Diane Staheli , Jeremy Kepner

Let $P$ be a set of $n \geq 5$ points in convex position in the plane. The path graph $G(P)$ of $P$ is an abstract graph whose vertices are non-crossing spanning paths of $P$, such that two paths are adjacent if one can be obtained from the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Chaya Keller , Yael Stein

An automorphism of a graph $G$ with $n$ vertices is a bijective map $\phi$ from $V(G)$ to itself such that $\phi(v_i)\phi(v_j)\in E(G)$ $\Leftrightarrow$ $v_i v_j\in E(G)$ for any two vertices $v_i$ and $v_j$ of $G$. Denote by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-05 Wenxue Du

A graph $G$ covers a graph $H$ if there exists a locally bijective homomorphism from $G$ to $H$. We deal with regular covers in which this locally bijective homomorphism is prescribed by an action of a subgroup of ${\rm Aut}(G)$. Regular…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-05-29 Jiří Fiala , Pavel Klavík , Jan Kratochvíl , Roman Nedela

This work presents a study of star covers on graphs. Unlike traditional formulations that minimize the number of stars, our aim is to optimize the number of bipartite components used in the cover. This problem, motivated by a symmetric…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-19 Damjana Kokol Bukovšek , Polona Oblak , Helena Šmigoc

A dynamic graph algorithm is a data structure that supports edge insertions, deletions, and specific problem queries. While extensive research exists on dynamic algorithms for graph problems solvable in polynomial time, most of these…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Jannick Borowitz , Ernestine Großmann , Christian Schulz

Subgraph Isomorphism is a very basic graph problem, where given two graphs $G$ and $H$ one is to check whether $G$ is a subgraph of $H$. Despite its simple definition, the Subgraph Isomorphism problem turns out to be very broad, as it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-04-14 Marek Cygan , Jakub Pachocki , Arkadiusz Socała

The graph isomorphism problem is a main problem which has numerous applications in different fields. Thus, finding an efficient and easy to implement method to discriminate non-isomorphic graphs is valuable. In this paper, a new method is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Ameneh Farhadian

A dominating set of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is a subset of vertices $S\subseteq V$ such that every vertex $v\in V\setminus S$ has at least one neighbor in set $S$. The corresponding optimization problem is known to be NP-hard. The best known…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Ernesto Parra Inza , José María Sigarreta Almira , Nodari Vakhania

This article studies automorphism groups of graph products of arbitrary groups. We completely characterise automorphisms that preserve the set of conjugacy classes of vertex groups as those automorphisms that can be decomposed as a product…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-07 Anthony Genevois , Alexandre Martin

An automorphism of a graph describes its structural symmetry and the concept of fixing number of a graph is used for breaking its symmetries (except the trivial one). In this paper, we evaluate automorphisms of the co-normal product graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Shahid ur Rehman , Muhammad Imran , Imran Javaid

It is well known that the graph isomorphism problem is polynomial-time reducible to the graph automorphism problem (in fact these two problems are polynomial-time equivalent). We show that, analogously, the group isomorphism problem is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Saveliy V. Skresanov