Related papers: A general definition of influence between stochast…
We extend Pearl's definition of causal influence to the quantum domain, where two quantum systems $A$, $B$ with finite-dimensional Hilbert space are embedded in a common environment $C$ and propagated with a joint unitary $U$. For finite…
This paper revisits the definition of linear time-invariant (LTI) stochastic process within a behavioral systems framework. Building on [Willems, 2013], we derive a canonical representation of an LTI stochastic process and a physically…
Inferring the causal structure that links n observables is usually based upon detecting statistical dependences and choosing simple graphs that make the joint measure Markovian. Here we argue why causal inference is also possible when only…
This note provides additional interpretation for the counterfactual outcome distribution and corresponding unconditional quantile "effects" defined and estimated by Firpo, Fortin, and Lemieux (2009) and Chernozhukov, Fern\'andez-Val, and…
Causal inference from observational data following the restricted structural causal model (SCM) framework hinges largely on the asymmetry between cause and effect from the data generating mechanisms, such as non-Gaussianity or nonlinearity.…
An important task in data analysis is the discovery of causal relationships between observed variables. For continuous-valued data, linear acyclic causal models are commonly used to model the data-generating process, and the inference of…
Delattre et al. (2013) considered n independent stochastic differential equations (SDEs), where in each case the drift term is associated with a random effect, the distribution of which depends upon unknown parameters. Assuming the…
Conditional independence, and more generally conditional mutual independence, are central notions in probability theory. In their general forms, they include functional dependence as a special case. In this paper, we tackle two fundamental…
Log-linear models are the popular workhorses of analyzing contingency tables. A log-linear parameterization of an interaction model can be more expressive than a direct parameterization based on probabilities, leading to a powerful way of…
The implication problem for conditional independence (CI) asks whether the fact that a probability distribution obeys a given finite set of CI relations implies that a further CI statement also holds in this distribution. This problem has a…
Causal inference from observational data following the restricted structural causal models (SCM) framework hinges largely on the asymmetry between cause and effect from the data generating mechanisms, such as non-Gaussianity or…
We develop rigorous notions of causality and causal separability in the process framework introduced in [Oreshkov, Costa, Brukner, Nat. Commun. 3, 1092 (2012)], which describes correlations between separate local experiments without a prior…
Scientists regularly pose questions about treatment effects on outcomes conditional on a post-treatment event. However, causal inference in such settings requires care, even in perfectly executed randomized experiments. Recently, the…
Understanding causal mechanisms in complex systems requires evaluating path-specific effects (PSEs) in multi-mediator models. Identification of PSEs traditionally relies on the demanding cross-world independence assumption. To relax this,…
Mathematical modeling has played a central role in understanding how infectious disease transmission manifests in populations. These models have demonstrated the importance of key community-level factors in structuring epidemic risk, and…
We obtain the posterior distribution of a random process conditioned on observing the empirical frequencies of a finite sample path. We find under a rather broad assumption on the "dependence structure" of the process, {\em c.f.}…
Proximal causal inference (PCI) has emerged as a promising framework for identifying and estimating causal effects in the presence of unobserved confounders. While many traditional causal inference methods rely on the assumption of no…
The classical causal relations between a set of variables, some observed and some latent, can induce both equality constraints (typically conditional independences) as well as inequality constraints (Instrumental and Bell inequalities being…
Let $(U_n(t))_{t\in\R^d}$ be the empirical process associated to an $\R^d$-valued stationary process $(X_i)_{i\ge 0}$. We give general conditions, which only involve processes $(f(X_i))_{i\ge 0}$ for a restricted class of functions $f$,…
We provide a framework for empirical process theory of locally stationary processes using the functional dependence measure. Our results extend known results for stationary Markov chains and mixing sequences by another common possibility to…