Related papers: Exploring high-density baryonic matter: Maximum fr…
Using simple parametrizations of the thermodynamic freeze-out parameters extracted from the data over a wide beam-energy range, we reexpress the hadronic freeze-out line in terms of the underlying dynamical quantities, the net baryon…
Matter implies the existence of a large-scale connected cluster of a uniform nature. The appearance of such clusters as function of hadron density is specified by percolation theory. We can therefore formulate the freeze-out of interacting…
An alternative, to the commonly used blast-wave, model describing the freeze-out hypersurface is applied to fit the $p_{T}$-spectra of identified hadrons measured at relativistic heavy-ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=62.4, 130$ and 200…
The evolution of a hadronic system after its chemical decomposition is described through a model that conserves the hadronic multiplicities to their values at chemical freeze-out. The state of the system is found as function of temperature…
The excitation function of freeze-out time, average freeze-out temperature and freeze-out energy density of (multi-) strange baryons created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is investigated in the framework of a microscopic transport…
We argue that the chemical freeze-out in heavy ion collisions at high baryon density is not associated to a phase transition or rapid crossover. We employ the linear nucleon-meson model with parameters fixed by the zero-temperature…
We present a summary of the recent results obtained with the novel hadron resonance gas model with the multicomponent hard-core repulsion which is extended to describe the mixtures of hadrons and light (anti-, hyper-)nuclei. A very accurate…
The present knowledge about hadrons produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions is compatible with chemical freeze-out happening when the energy density divided by the particle density reaches the value of 1 GeV. This observation is used…
It is shown that the freezeout parameters estimated in the heavy-ion collisions all are well described by a constant value of the entropy density $s$ divided by $T^3$. The value of $s/T^3$ has been taken from the lattice QCD simulations at…
We investigate an effective relativistic equation of state at finite values of temperature and baryon chemical potential with the inclusion of the full octet of baryons, the Delta-isobars and the lightest pseudoscalar and vector meson…
The evolution of a hadronic system after its chemical decomposition is described through a model that conserves the hadronic multiplicities to their values at chemical freeze-out. In the partition function describing the model all known…
Relative hadron abundances from high-energy heavy-ion collisions reveal substantial inhomogeneities of temperature and baryon-chemical potential within the decoupling volume. The freeze-out volume is not perfectly "stirred", i.e. the…
The systematic uncertainties of chemical freeze-out fits at SIS100 energies (Au+Au reactions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=3-5$ GeV) are studied using UrQMD simulations. Although hadron production in UrQMD does not occur on a sharp chemical freeze-out…
We analyze the hadronic freeze-out in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC in a transport approach which combines hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction with a microscopic non-equilibrium model for…
In high energy collisions nuclei are practically transparent to each other but produce very hot, nearly baryon-free, matter in the central rapidity region. Where do the baryons go? We calculate the energy loss of the nuclei using the color…
We use a kinetic condition to predict the chemical freeze-out parameters for hadronic species produced in heavy ion collisions. The resulting freeze-out lines for different hadrons lie close to one another in the temperature and…
The freeze-out of hot and dense hadronic matter formed in relativistic nuclear collisions is probed by HBT interferometry of identical pions, kaons, etc. Coulomb repulsion/attraction of positive/negative particles show up at small particle…
Systematic trends of baryon transport, chemical freeze-out, and kinetic freeze-out in high energy nuclear collisions are presented. Further measurements of particles with heavy flavors are proposed in order to shed light on collision…
Chemical and thermal freeze-out of the hadronic fireball formed in symmetric collisions of light, intermediate-mass, and heavy nuclei at beam energies between 0.8A GeV and 2.0A GeV are discussed in terms of an equilibrated,…
The recently discovered sharp peak in the K+/pi+ ratio is discussed in the framework of the statistical model. In this model a rapid change is expected as the hadronic gas undergoes a transition from a baryon-dominated to a meson-dominated…