Related papers: Information loss and entropy conservation in quant…
The complete evaporation of black holes, as a natural endpoint of Hawking radiation, gives rise to the black hole information paradox, which fundamentally challenges the principles of unitarity and information conservation in quantum…
There has been recent speculation that the tunneling paradigm for Hawking radiation could -- after quantum-gravitational effects have suitably been incorporated -- provide a means for resolving the (black hole) information loss paradox. A…
Hawking's 1974 calculation of thermal emission from a classical black hole led to his 1976 proposal that information may be lost from our universe as a pure quantum state collapses gravitationally into a black hole, which then evaporates…
We compute the mutual information of two Hawking particles emitted consecutively by an evaporating black hole. Following Page, we find that the mutual information is of order exp(-S) where S is the entropy of the black hole. We speculate on…
We argue that four-dimensional black hole evaporation inevitably produces an infinite number of soft particles in addition to the thermally distributed `hard' Hawking quanta, and moreover that the soft and hard particles are highly…
When two objects have gravitational interaction between them, they are no longer independent of each other. In fact, there exists gravitational correlation between these two objects. Inspired by E. Verlinde's paper, we first calculate the…
In this paper, we analyze whether quantum correlations between successive steps of evaporation can open any way to resolve the black hole information paradox. Recently a celebrated result in literature shows that `small' correction to…
Black holes emit thermal radiation (Hawking effect). If after black-hole evaporation nothing else were left, an arbitrary initial state would evolve into a thermal state (`information-loss problem'). Here it is argued that the whole…
Entropy plays a crucial role in characterization of information and entanglement, but it is not a scalar quantity and for many systems it is different for different relativistic observers. Loop quantum gravity predicts the…
In both classical and quantum world, information cannot appear or disappear. This fundamental principle, however, is questioned for a black hole, by the acclaimed "information loss paradox". Based on the conservation laws of energy, charge,…
We investigate the meaning of the entropy carried away by Hawking radiations from a black hole. We propose that the entropy for a black hole measures the uncertainty of the information about the black hole forming matter's precollapsed…
The Bekenstein-Hawking equation states that black holes should have entropy proportional to their areas to make black hole physics compatible with the second law of thermodynamics. However, this equation leads to an inconsistency among the…
This study investigates the evaporation process of a Schwarzschild black hole, incorporating quantum corrections arising from conformal anomaly and vacuum polarization. We demonstrate that these corrections significantly alter the Hawking…
We provide further evidence that information is preserved during black hole evaporation and may be recoverable, provided quantum gravitational effects resolve the singularity. We demonstrate that due to quantum gravity effects, black holes…
We provide a simple way for calculating the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole from the entropy of its Hawking radiation. To this end, we show that if a thermodynamic system loses its energy only through the black body radiation, its…
We show that, in order to preserve the equivalence principle until late times in unitarily evaporating black holes, the thermodynamic entropy of a black hole must be primarily entropy of entanglement across the event horizon. For such black…
The conservation of information of evaporating black holes is a very natural consequence of unitarity which is the fundamental symmetry of quantum mechanics. In order to study the conservation of information, we need to understand the…
We compute the entropy of the Hawking radiation for an evaporating black hole, in 1+1 dimensions and in 3+1 dimensions. We investigate the validity of the semiclassical approximation for the evaporation process. It appears that there might…
Almost all of the entropy in the universe is in the form of Bekenstein--Hawking (BH) entropy of super-massive black holes. This entropy, if it satisfies Boltzmann's equation $S=\log{\cal N}$, hence represents almost all the accessible phase…
We consider black-hole evaporation from a hidden-variables perspective. It is suggested that Hawking information loss, associated with the transition from a pure to a mixed quantum state, is compensated for by the creation of deviations…