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Related papers: Q-balls in flat potentials

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Q-balls are non-topological solitons that arise in theories with a complex scalar field possessing a conserved global U(1) charge. Their stability is ensured by this charge, making them potentially significant in cosmology. In this paper,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-21 Jin Kobayashi , Kazunori Nakayama , Masaki Yamada

Usually the charge and the energy of stable Q-balls vary in a wide range or are even unbounded. In the present paper we study an interesting possibility that this range is parametrically small. In this case the spectra of stable Q-balls…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-07 E. Ya. Nugaev , M. N. Smolyakov

In this paper, we continue discussing Q-balls in the Wick--Cutkosky model. Despite Q-balls in this model are composed of two scalar fields, they turn out to be very useful and illustrative for examining various important properties of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-02-22 A. G. Panin , M. N. Smolyakov

Explicit solutions for extended objects of a Q-ball type were found analytically in a model describing complex scalar field with piecewise parabolic potential in (3+1)- and (1+1)-dimensional space-times. Such a potential provides a variety…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-08 I. E. Gulamov , E. Ya. Nugaev , M. N. Smolyakov

We analyze the classical stability of Q-tubes --- charged extended objects in $(3+1)$-dimensional complex scalar field theory. Explicit solutions were found analytically in the piecewise parabolic potential. Our choice of potential allows…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-07-29 E. Nugaev , A. Shkerin

We consider gauged Q-balls in the gravity-mediation-type model in the Affleck-Dine mechanism, which is described by the potential $V_{\rm grav.}(\phi):=(m_{\rm grav.}^2/2)\phi^2\left[1+K\ln(\phi/M)^2\right]$ with $K<0$. In many models of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-01-09 Takashi Tamaki , Nobuyuki Sakai

We study the dynamics of $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls using fully non-linear numerical evolutions in axisymmetry. Focusing on two models with logarithmic and polynomial scalar field potentials, we numerically evolve perturbed gauged Q-ball…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-04-04 Michael P. Kinach , Matthew W. Choptuik

Based on the spectral decomposition technique, we introduce a simple and universal numerical method to analyze the stability of solitons. Adopting this method, the linear dynamical properties of $Q$-balls are systematically revealed, from…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-09-24 Qian Chen , Lars Andersson , Li Li

The smallest classically stable Q-balls are, in fact, generically metastable: in quantum theory they decay into free particles via collective tunneling. We derive general semiclassical method to calculate the rate of this process in the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-01-01 Dmitry Levkov , Emin Nugaev , Andrei Popescu

We consider the evolution and decay of Q-balls under the influence of quantum fluctuations. We argue that the most important effect resulting from these fluctuations is the modification of the effective potential in which the Q-ball…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-05-06 Anders Tranberg , David J. Weir

Q-balls are bound-state configurations of complex scalars stabilized by a conserved Noether charge Q. They are solutions to a second-order differential equation that is structurally identical to Euclidean vacuum-decay bounce solutions in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-16 José Ramon Espinosa , Julian Heeck , Mikheil Sokhashvili

We consider the lagrangian of a self-interacting complex scalar field admitting generically Q-balls solutions. This model is extended by minimal coupling to electromagnetism and to gravity. A stationnary, axially-symmetric ansatz for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-07 Y. Brihaye , Th. Caebergs , T. Delsate

Q ball solutions are considered within the theory of a complex scalar field with a gauged U(1) symmetry and a parabolic-type potential. In the thin-walled limit, we show explicitly that there is a maximum size for these objects because of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-09-07 Xin-zhou Li , Jian-gang Hao , Dao-jun Liu , Guang Chen

We study non-topological, charged planar walls (Q-walls) in the context of a particle physics model with supersymmetry broken by low-energy gauge mediation. Analytical properties are derived within the flat-potential approximation for the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-17 Leonardo Campanelli , Marco Ruggieri

In this paper, the main properties of (3+1)-dimensional $U(1)$ gauged Q-balls are examined. In particular, it is shown that the relation $\frac{dE}{dQ}=\omega$ holds for such gauged Q-balls in the general case. As a consequence, it is shown…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-04-23 I. E. Gulamov , E. Ya. Nugaev , M. N. Smolyakov

Q-balls are non-topological solitons in field theories whose stability is typically guaranteed by the existence of a global conserved charge. A classic realization is the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin (FLS) Q-ball in a two-scalar system where a real…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-09-04 Yu Hamada , Kiyoharu Kawana , TaeHun Kim , Philip Lu

We investigate vacuum stability and Q-ball formation in the Type II seesaw model by considering the effective potential for scalar fields, taking into account renormalization effects. We find that the quartic coupling for the triplet Higgs…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-06-01 Naoyuki Haba , Yasuhiro Shimizu , Toshifumi Yamada

We study $Q$-ball type solitons in arbitrary spatial dimensions in the setting recently described by Kusenko, where the scalar field potential has a flat direction which rises much slower than $\phi^2$. We find that the general formula for…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-03 R. B. MacKenzie , M. B. Paranjape

Q-balls are non-topological solitons whose classical stability is ensured by a global $U(1)$ charge. In particular, Q-balls are produced in the framework of the Affleck-Dine baryogenesis where $U(1)$ charge is the baryon number. Since some…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-06-22 Masahiro Kawasaki , Hiromasa Nakatsuka

We propose a practical method for analyzing stability of Q-balls for the whole parameter space, which includes the intermediate region between the thin-wall limit and thick-wall limit as well as Q-bubbles (Q-balls in false vacuum), using…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Nobuyuki Sakai , Misao Sasaki