Related papers: Direct charge ejection for chemical electric gener…
Classical theories of chemical kinetics assume independent reactions in dilute solutions, whose rates are determined by mean concentrations. In condensed matter, strong interactions alter chemical activities and create inhomogeneities that…
The impact of liquid drops onto solid surfaces leads to conversion of kinetic energy of directed drop motion into various forms of energy including surface energy, vibrational energy, heat, and under suitable conditions, electrical energy.…
We propose a dynamical theory of how the chemical energy stored in a battery generates the electromotive force (emf). In this picture, the battery's half-cell acts as an engine, cyclically extracting work from its underlying chemical…
We study the direct incoherent energy transfer from an immobile excited donor molecule to acceptor molecules, which are all attached to polymer chains, randomly arranged in a viscous solvent. The decay forms are found explicitly, in terms…
Charge transfer is a fundamental phenomenon in biology and chemistry, and involves the movement of charge through a system driven by nuclear dynamics. Because of the involvement of nuclear motion, it is generally assumed that charge…
We propose a random matrix theory to describe the influence of a time-dependent external field on electron transport through open quantum dots. We describe the generation of the current by an oscillating field for the dot, connected to two…
Chemical reactions involve the movement of charges, and this work presents a mathematical model for describing chemical reactions in electrolytes. The model is developed using an energy variational method that aligns with classical…
Despite the unsettled mechanism of electricity generation from the continuous flow of liquids on a surface, the charge-discharge theory has been widely accepted for alternating current (AC) generation from a moving droplet. It has been…
In this brief review we discuss the basic theoretical concepts used in the experimental studies of the most common cases of direct reactions such as (a) elastic scattering, (b) inelastic scattering, (c) Coulomb excitation, (d) transfer…
The classical theory of electrokinetic phenomena assumes a dilute solution of point-like ions in chemical equilibrium with a surface whose double-layer voltage is of order the thermal voltage, $k_BT/e = 25$ mV. In nonlinear…
The photoelectric effect describes the ejection of an electron upon absorption of one or several photons. The kinetic energy of this electron is determined by the photon energy reduced by the binding energy of the electron and, if strong…
It is shown that formulas for the radiative power loss and radiation reaction from a charge can be derived in a heuristic manner from the kinetic power (rate of change of the kinetic energy) of its electric inertial mass. The derivation…
At electromagnetic interactions of particles there arises defect of masses, i.e. the energy is liberated since the particles of the different charges are attracted. It is shown that this change of the effective mass of a particle in the…
Transport through molecular contacts with a sluggish intramolecular vibrational mode strongly coupled to excess charges is studied far from equilibrium. A Born-Oppenheimer approximation in steady state reveals voltage dependent energy…
This study applies response theory to investigate electron charge dynamics, with a particular focus on charge separation. We analytically assess the strengths and limitations of linear and quadratic response theories in describing charge…
A significant step has been made towards understanding the physics of the transient surface current triggered by ejected electrons during the interaction of a short intense laser pulse with a high-conductivity target. Unlike the commonly…
Charge transfer is a fundamental process that underlies a multitude of phenomena in chemistry and biology. Recent advances in observing and manipulating charge and heat transport at the nanoscale, and recently developed techniques for…
A point charge accelerating under the influence of an external force emits electromagnetic radiation that reduces the increase in its mechanical energy. This causes a reduction in the particle's acceleration. We derive the decrease in…
The integration of the coupling effects of intrinsic wettability and surface charge in a nanochannel can cause non-intuitive behavior in the electrokinetic energy conversion processes. We demonstrate that in a nanofluidic device the energy…
We derive the rate of emission of electromagnetic energy by an accelerating point charge, with the acceleration and velocity in the result being taken at the present time in the motion of the accelerating charge. This contrasts with the…