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Related papers: The Second Law and Cosmology

200 papers

The arrow of time dilemma: the laws of physics are invariant for time inversion, whereas the familiar phenomena we see everyday are not (i.e. entropy increases). I show that, within a quantum mechanical framework, all phenomena which leave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-04-22 Lorenzo Maccone

We find that the total entropy of the massive conformal gravity universe is an increasing function of time, and therefore the cosmological model of the theory passes the generalized second law of thermodynamics test.

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-26 F. F. Faria

We consider quantum decoherence and entropy increase in early universe cosmology. We first study decoherence in a discrete bipartite quantum system for which a single qubit gets entangled with an environment and the entropy increase is…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-06 Sebastian Cespedes , Senarath de Alwis , Fernando Quevedo

In this paper, we investigate the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics in flat FRW chameleon cosmology where the boundary of the universe is assumed to be enclosed by the dynamical apparent horizon. It has been…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 H. Farajollahi , A. Salehi , F. Tayebi

I argue here that both the first and second laws of thermodynamics, generally understood to be quintessentially physical in nature, can be equally well described as being about certain types of information without the need to invoke…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-10-02 V. J. Vieland

We investigate the unified first law and the generalized second law in a modified holographic dark energy model. The thermodynamical analysis on the apparent horizon can work and the corresponding entropy formula is extracted from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-19 Hui Li , Yi Zhang

The physical meaning of entropy is analyzed in the context of statistical, nuclear, atomic physics and cosmology. Only the microcanonical Boltzmann entropy leads to no contradictions in several simple, elementary and for thermodynamics…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 D. H. E. Gross

In textbooks on statistical mechanics, one finds often arguments based on classical mechanics, phase space and ergodicity in order to justify the second law of thermodynamics. However, the basic equations of motion of classical mechanics…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-08-28 Barbara Drossel

Cosmology is operating now on a well established and tightly constraining empirical basis. The relativistic LambdaCDM hot big bang theory is consistent with all the present tests; it has become the benchmark. But the many open issues in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 P. J. E. Peebles

This paper is the second part of a previous paper (Marquet, 2019) dealing with the need to define the entropy with an absolute way, by using the third law of thermodynamics. In this second part it is shown that there is a need and interest…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-12-02 Pascal Marquet

We consider a generalisation of thermodynamics that deals with multiple conserved quantities at the level of individual quantum systems. Each conserved quantity, which, importantly, need not commute with the rest, can be extracted and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-14 Yelena Guryanova , Sandu Popescu , Anthony J. Short , Ralph Silva , Paul Skrzypczyk

There are several formulations of the second law, and they may, in principle, have different domains of validity. Here a simple mathematical theorem is proven which serves as the most general basis for the second law, namely the Thomson…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. E. Allahverdyan , Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen

In this paper, the generalized second law (GSL) of thermodynamics and entropy is revisited in the context of cosmological models with bouncing behavior such as chameleon cosmology where the boundary of the universe is assumed to be enclosed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-28 H. Farajollahi , A. Salehi , F. Tayebi

If our universe underwent inflation, its entropy during the inflationary phase was substantially lower than it is today. Because a low-entropy state is less likely to be chosen randomly than a high-entropy one, inflation is unlikely to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-12 Sean M. Carroll , Jennifer Chen

Cosmology is very exciting for three reasons. There is a very successful standard model - the hot big bang - which describes the evolution of the Universe from 10^{-2} sec onward. There are bold ideas, foremost among them are inflation and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-09 Michael S. Turner

The standard model of cosmology is based on the hot Big Bang theory and the inflationary paradigm. Recent precise observations of the temperature and polarization anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background and the matter distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-02 Juan Garcia-Bellido

We use rigorous non-equilibrium thermodynamic arguments to prove (i) the residual entropy of any system is bounded below by the experimentally (calorimetrically) determined absolute temperature entropy, which itself is bounded below by the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-06-13 P. D. Gujrati

Many fruitful analogies have emerged between the theories of quantum entanglement and thermodynamics, motivating the pursuit of an axiomatic description of entanglement akin to the laws of thermodynamics. A long-standing open problem has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-17 Ludovico Lami , Bartosz Regula

Substantial grounds exist to doubt the universal validity of the Newtonian Paradigm that requires a pre-stated, fixed phase space. Therefore, the Second Law of Thermodynamics, stated only for fixed phase spaces, is also in doubt. The…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2022-10-12 Stuart Kauffman

It is widely accepted that temporal asymmetry is largely a cosmological problem; the task of explaining temporal asymmetry reduces in the main to that of explaining an aspect of the condition of the early universe. However, cosmologists who…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-09-25 Huw Price