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We study light absorption by weakly rough metal surfaces with the roughness amplitude and correlation length smaller than the skin depth in metal. We develop a systematic perturbative approach for calculation of the absorptance in such…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-16 Zhyrair S. Gevorkian , Ludvig S. Petrosyan , Tigran V. Shahbazyan

We introduce an analytic surface density profile for dark matter halos that accurately reproduces the structure of simulated halos of mass $M_{\rm vir} = 10^{7-11}\ M_\odot$, making it useful for modeling line-of-sight perturbers in strong…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-04 Alexandres Lazar , James S. Bullock , Anna Nierenberg , Leonidas Moustakas , Michael Boylan-Kolchin

The temperature increase in the contact regions between solids in sliding contact has a huge influence on friction and wear. Here we test an analytical theory for the flash temperature, valid for randomly rough surface with multiscale…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-04-20 B. N. J. Persson

Surface roughness significantly modifies the liquid film thickness entrained when dip coating a solid surface, particularly at low coating velocity. Using a homogenization approach, we present a predictive model for determining the liquid…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-12-25 Lebo Molefe , Giuseppe A. Zampogna , John M. Kolinski , François Gallaire

Acoustic scattering from layered seafloors exhibits dependence on both the mean geoacoustic layering, as well as the roughness properties of each layer. Several theoretical treatments of this environment exist, including the small roughness…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 Derek R. Olson , Darrell Jackson

Polymer brushes normally swell in a good solvent and collapse in a poor solvent. An abnormal response of polymer brushes, so-called co-nonsolvency, is the phenomenon where the brush counter-intuitively collapses in a good solvent mixture.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-08-26 Gyehyun Park , YounJoon Jung

We present x-ray reflectivity and diffuse scattering measurements from the liquid surface of pure potassium. They strongly suggest the existence of atomic layering at the free surface of a pure liquid metal with low surface tension. Prior…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Oleg Shpyrko , Patrick Huber , Peter S. Pershan , Holger Tostmann , Alexei Grigoriev , Ben Ocko , Moshe Deutsch

Using a perturbation technique, we derive a new approximate filtering and smoothing methodology generalizing along different directions several existing approaches to robust filtering based on the score and the Hessian matrix of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-06 Giuseppe Buccheri , Giacomo Bormetti , Fulvio Corsi , Fabrizio Lillo

The roughness of fracture surfaces has been shown to exhibit self-affne scale invariance for a wide variety of materials and loading conditions. The range of scales over which this regime extends remains a matter of debate, together with…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-14 F. Lechenault , G. Pallares , M. George , C. Rountree , E. Bouchaud , M. Ciccotti

We here report coherent reflection of thermal He atom beams from various microscopically rough surfaces at grazing incidence. For a sufficiently small normal component $k_z$ of the incident wave-vector of the atom the reflection probability…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2010-09-28 Bum Suk Zhao , H. Christian Schewe , Gerard Meijer , Wieland Schöllkopf

We study the statistical properties of the scattering matrix S(q|k) for the problem of the scattering of light from a randomly rough one-dimensional surface, defined by the equation $x_3 = \zx$, where the surface profile function $\zx$…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Tamara A. Leskova , Ingve Simonsen , Alexei A. Maradudin

Hypothesis: Understanding contact angle hysteresis on rough surfaces is important as most industrially relevant and naturally occurring surfaces possess some form of random or structured roughness. We hypothesise that hysteresis originates…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-08-11 Pawan Kumar , Paul Mulvaney , Dalton J. E. Harvie

The $\alpha$-process (segmental motion) of thin polystyrene films supported on glass substrate has been investigated in a wider frequency range from 10$^{-3}$ Hz to 10$^4$ Hz using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy and thermal expansion…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 Koji Fukao , Yoshihisa Miyamoto

Several recent studies show that bright, intermediate and high redshift optically and radio selected QSOs are positively correlated with nearby galaxies on a range of angular scales up to a degree. Obscuration by unevenly distributed…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Liliya L. R. Williams

It is often convenient to use Gaussian blur in studying image quality or in data augmentation pipelines for training convoluional neural networks. Because of their convenience, Guassians are sometimes used as first order approximations of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-04 Austin C. Bergstrom , David Conran , David W. Messinger

We discuss the behavior of a crystalline surface with a disordered substrate. We focus on the possible existence of a {\em super-rough} glassy phase, with height-height correlation functions which vary as the square logarithm of the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Enzo Marinari , Remi Monasson , Juan J. Ruiz-Lorenzo

An approximation is elaborated for the paraxial propagation of diffracted beams, with both one- and two-dimensional cross sections, which are released from apertures with sharp boundaries. The approximation applies to any beam under the…

Optics · Physics 2016-06-29 Eitam Luz , Er'el Granot , Boris A. Malomed

In this work fluctuations in the electric field of surface plasmon polaritons undergoing random scattering on a rough metallic surface are considered. A rigorous closed form analytic expression is derived describing second order…

Optics · Physics 2019-06-11 Matthew R. Foreman

We present a method to derive an analytical expression for the roughness of an eroded surface whose dynamics are ruled by cellular automaton. Starting from the automaton, we obtain the time evolution of the height average and height…

An original setup combining a very stable loading stage, an atomic force microscope and an environmental chamber, allows to obtain very stable sub-critical fracture propagation in oxide glasses under controlled environment, and subsequently…