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We study the state complexity of boolean operations and product (concatenation, catenation) combined with star. We derive tight upper bounds for the symmetric differences and differences of two languages, one or both of which are starred,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-10 Janusz Brzozowski , David Liu

Nonterminal complexity of a context-free language is the smallest possible number of nonterminals in its generating grammar. While in general case nonterminal complexity computation problem is unsolvable, it can be computed for different…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-23 Dmitry Golubenko

The tight upper bound on the state complexity of the reverse of R-trivial and J-trivial regular languages of the state complexity n is 2^{n-1}. The witness is ternary for R-trivial regular languages and (n-1)-ary for J-trivial regular…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Galina Jirásková , Tomáš Masopust

Human language can be described as a complex network of linked words. In such a treatment, each distinct word in language is a vertex of this web, and neighboring words in sentences are connected by edges. It was recently found (Ferrer and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. N. Dorogovtsev , J. F. F. Mendes

We show that entanglement guarantees difficulty in the discrimination of orthogonal multipartite states locally. The number of pure states that can be discriminated by local operations and classical communication is bounded by the total…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 M. Hayashi , D. Markham , M. Murao , M. Owari , S. Virmani

The height of a piecewise-testable language $L$ is the maximum length of the words needed to define $L$ by excluding and requiring given subwords. The height of $L$ is an important descriptive complexity measure that has not yet been…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Prateek Karandikar , Philippe Schnoebelen

We investigate certain word-construction games with variable turn orders. In these games, Alice and Bob take turns on choosing consecutive letters of a word of fixed length, with Alice winning if the result lies in a predetermined target…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2020-04-29 Pierre Marcus , Ilkka Törmä

We solve two open problems concerning syntactic complexity: We prove that the cardinality of the syntactic semigroup of a left ideal or a suffix-closed language with $n$ left quotients (that is, with state complexity $n$) is at most…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-04 Janusz Brzozowski , Marek Szykuła

Given a language, which in this article is a set of strings of some fixed length, we study the problem of producing its elements by a procedure in which each position has its own local rule. We introduce a way of measuring how much…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Mathieu Hoyrup

We study the syntactic complexity of finite/cofinite, definite and reverse definite languages. The syntactic complexity of a class of languages is defined as the maximal size of syntactic semigroups of languages from the class, taken as a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-06-22 Janusz Brzozowski , David Liu

The present paper presents and proves a proposition concerning the time complexity of finite languages. It is shown herein, that for any finite language (a language for which the set of words composing it is finite) there is a Turing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Mircea Alexandru Popescu Moscu

The downward closure of a language is the set of all (not necessarily contiguous) subwords of its members. It is well-known that the downward closure of every language is regular. Moreover, recent results show that downward closures are…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Georg Zetzsche

We show that if M is a DFA with n states over an arbitrary alphabet and L = L(M), then the worst-case state complexity of L^2 is n*2^n - 2^{n-1}. If, however, M is a DFA over a unary alphabet, then the worst-case state complexity of L^k is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-03-29 Narad Rampersad

We define a notion of randomness for individual and collections of formal languages based on automatic martingales acting on sequences of words from some underlying domain. An automatic martingale bets if the incoming word belongs to the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Birzhan Moldagaliyev

According to a previous result by S. V. Avgustinovich and the author, each factorial language admits a unique canonical decomposition to a catenation of factorial languages. In this paper, we analyze the appearance of the canonical…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2007-05-23 A. Frid

This paper is an extended abstract of the dissertation presented by the author for the doctoral degree in physics and mathematics (in Russia). The main characteristic studied in the dissertation is combinatorial complexity, which is a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-27 Arseny M. Shur

The state complexity of basic operations on finite languages (considering complete DFAs) has been in studied the literature. In this paper we study the incomplete (deterministic) state and transition complexity on finite languages of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-05 Eva Maia , Nelma Moreira , Rogério Reis

We study the complexity of basic regular operations on languages represented by incomplete deterministic or nondeterministic automata, in which all states are final. Such languages are known to be prefix-closed. We get tight bounds on both…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-05-23 Kristína Čevorová , Galina Jirásková , Peter Mlynárčik , Matúš Palmovský , Juraj Šebej

We study possibilities for semantic and syntactic rigidity, i.e., the rigidity with respect to automorphism group and with respect to definable closure. Variations of rigidity and their degrees are studied in general case, for special…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-07-26 Sergey V. Sudoplatov

In this thesis, we study the place of regular languages within the communication complexity setting. In particular, we are interested in the non-deterministic communication complexity of regular languages. We show that a regular language…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2008-02-01 Anil Ada