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The Heisenberg limit is acknowledged as the ultimate precision limit in quantum metrology, traditionally implying that root mean square errors of parameter estimation decrease linearly with the time T of evolution and the number N of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-13 Binke Xia , Jingzheng Huang , Yuxiang Yang , Guihua Zeng

Most quantum metrology protocols harness highly entangled probe states and globally accessible measurements to surpass the standard quantum limit. However, it is challenging to satisfy these requirements in realistic many-body sensors. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 Harshita Sharma , Sayan Choudhury , Jayendra N. Bandyopadhyay

We introduce a novel protocol, which enables Heisenberg-limited quantum-enhanced sensing using the dynamics of any interacting many-body Hamiltonian. Our approach - dubbed butterfly metrology - utilizes a single application of forward and…

We derive a bound on the ability of a linear optical network to estimate a linear combination of independent phase shifts by using an arbitrary non-classical but unentangled input state, thereby elucidating the quantum resources required to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Wenchao Ge , Kurt Jacobs , Zachary Eldredge , Alexey V. Gorshkov , Michael Foss-Feig

We describe rigorous quantum measurement theory in the Heisenberg picture by applying operator deformation techniques previously used in noncommutative quantum field theory. This enables the conventional observables (represented by…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-24 Andreas Andersson

Quantum incompatibility, referred as the phenomenon that some quantum measurements cannot be performed simultaneously, is necessary for various quantum information processing tasks, such as nonlocality and steering. When these applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Xiaolin Zhang , Rui Qu , Zehong Chang , Yunlong Wang , Zhenyu Guo , Min An , Hong Gao , Fuli Li , Pei Zhang

We address the issue of precisely estimating small parameters encoded in a general linear transformation of the modes of a bosonic quantum field. Such Bogoliubov transformations frequently appear in the context of quantum optics. We provide…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-10 Nicolai Friis , Michalis Skotiniotis , Ivette Fuentes , Wolfgang Dür

Although quantum metrology allows us to make precision measurement beyond the standard quantum limit, it mostly works on the measurement of only one observable due to Heisenberg uncertainty relation on the measurement precision of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-06-06 Jiamin Li , Yuhong Liu , Liang Cui , Nan Huo , Syed M Assad , Xiaoying Li , Z. Y. Ou

Critical quantum systems are a promising resource for quantum metrology applications, due to the diverging susceptibility developed in proximity of phase transitions. Here, we assess the metrological power of parametric Kerr resonators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-30 R. Di Candia , F. Minganti , K. V. Petrovnin , G. S. Paraoanu , S. Felicetti

We identify precision limits for the simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters in multimode interferometers. Quantum strategies to enhance the multiparameter sensitivity are based on entanglement among particles, modes or combining…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-01 Manuel Gessner , Luca Pezzè , Augusto Smerzi

Conventional Variational Quantum Circuits (VQCs) for Quantum Machine Learning typically rely on a fixed Hermitian observable, often built from Pauli operators. Inspired by the Heisenberg picture, we propose an adaptive non-local measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-15 Hsin-Yi Lin , Huan-Hsin Tseng , Samuel Yen-Chi Chen , Shinjae Yoo

We study the problems of quantum tomography and shadow tomography using measurements performed on individual, identical copies of an unknown $d$-dimensional state. We first revisit a known lower bound due to Haah et al. (2017) on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-12 Angus Lowe , Ashwin Nayak

Quantum metrology protocols are typically designed around the assumption that we have an abundance of measurement data, but recent practical applications are increasingly driving interest in cases with very limited data. In this regime the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-18 Jesús Rubio , Jacob Dunningham

We analyze the problem of quantum-limited estimation of a stochastically varying phase of a continuous beam (rather than a pulse) of the electromagnetic field. We consider both non-adaptive and adaptive measurements, and both dyne detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. W. Berry , H. M. Wiseman

In the scenario of the probe-ancilla interaction, we propose a quantum metrology protocol by the unconditional measurement on the ancillary qubit after an optimized period of joint evolution from product state. Its key element is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-12 Peng Chen , Jun Jing

Information-theoretical restrictions on the information transfer in quantum measurements are studied. They are derived for the measurement of system S by detector D, registrated and processed by information system O. The formalism of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-06-28 S. Mayburov

The ability to perform high-precision optical measurements is paramount to science and engineering. Laser interferometry enables interaction-free sensing with a precision ultimately limited by shot noise. Quantum optical sensors can surpass…

We study the extent to which the outcomes of a quantum measurement can be manipulated by changing the state of the measurement apparatus. The measurement process is modeled as decoherence induced by the experimenter, to gain knowledge about…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-29 Muzaffar Qadir Lone , Chris Nagele , Brad Weslake , Tim Byrnes

Optical quantum computing, as well as quantum communication and sensing technology based on quantum correlations are in preparation. These require photodiodes for the detection of about 10^16 photons per second with close to perfect quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-16 Leif Albers , Jan-Malte Michaelsen , Roman Schnabel

Quantum threshold theorems impose hard limits on the hardware capabilities to process quantum information. We derive tight and fundamental upper bounds to loss-tolerance thresholds in different linear-optical quantum information processing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-23 Paul Hilaire , Yaron Castor , Edwin Barnes , Sophia E. Economou , Frédéric Grosshans