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Particle-in-cell codes usually represent large groups of particles as a single macroparticle. These codes are computationally efficient but lose information about the internal structure of the macroparticle. To improve the accuracy of these…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2024-01-24 Alexander Warwick , Jonathan Gratus

Using the Finite Difference Time Domain method, we solve Maxwell's equations numerically and compute the distribution of electromagnetic fields and forces inside material media. The media are generally specified by their dielectric…

Optics · Physics 2013-08-19 Masud Mansuripur , Armis R. Zakharian , Ewan M. Wright

We propose an efficient algorithm for the evaluation of the potential and its gradient of gravitational/electrostatic $N$-body systems, which we call particle mesh multipole method (PMMM or PM$^3$). PMMM can be understood both as an…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-20 Keigo Nitadori

In this paper we bring to light an hitherto undisclosed richness of this Theory, namely its admitting a consistent reformulation which is able to provide a unified scenario for all kinds of particles, be they lightlike or not. This result…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-04-14 Fernando de Felice , Giovanni Preti

A general affine connection has enough degrees of freedom to describe the classical gravitational and electromagnetic fields in the metric-affine formulation of gravity. The gravitational field is represented in the Lagrangian by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-03-03 Nikodem J. Poplawski

We extend classical Maxwell field theory to a first quantized theory of the photon by deriving a conserved Lorentz four-current whose zero component is a positive definite number density. Fields are real and their positive (negative)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Margaret Hawton

The existence of charged elementary 'point particles' still is a basically unsolved puzzle in theoretical physics. The present work takes a fresh look at the problem by including gravity---without resorting to string theory. Using…

General Physics · Physics 2018-09-07 H. Dekker

The classical theory of electromagnetism is based on Maxwell's macroscopic equations, an energy postulate, a momentum postulate, and a generalized form of the Lorentz law of force. These seven postulates constitute the foundation of a…

Optics · Physics 2012-07-31 Masud Mansuripur , Armis R. Zakharian

Maxwell's equations and the equations governing charged particle dynamics are presented for a rotating coordinate system with the global time coordinate of an observer on the rotational axis. Special care is taken in defining the relevant…

Astrophysics · Physics 2012-08-27 Paul N. Arendt,

This paper investigates subcycling of particle orbits in variational, geometric particle-in-cell methods addressing the Vlasov--Maxwell system in magnetized plasmas. The purpose of subcycling is to allow different time steps for different…

Computational Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 Eero Hirvijoki , Katharina Kormann , Filippo Zonta

A new method that solves concurrently the multi-fluid and Maxwell's equations has been developed for plasma simulations. By calculating the stress tensor in the multi-fluid momentum equation by means of computational particles moving in a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 Stefano Markidis , Pierre Henri , Giovanni Lapenta , Kjell Ronnmark , Maria Hamrin , Zakaria Meliani , Erwin Laure

In this paper we propose an extension of the generalized Lagrangian multiplier method (GLM) of Munz et al. (JCP 2000, JCP 2002), which was originally conceived for the numerical solution of the Maxwell and MHD equations with divergence-type…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-11-21 Michael Dumbser , Francesco Fambri , Elena Gaburro , Anne Reinarz

A relatively simple approach to noncommutative gravity utilizes the gauge theory formulation of general relativity and involves replacing the Lorentz gauge group by a larger group. This results in additional field degrees of freedom which…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-07-30 A. Stern

This article offers a new approach for analysing the dynamic behaviour of distributions of charged particles in an electromagnetic field. After discussing the limitations inherent in the Lorentz-Dirac equation for a single point particle a…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 David A. Burton , Jonathan Gratus , Robin W. Tucker

This paper proposes a charge-conserving, variational, spatio-temporal discretization for the drift-kinetic Vlasov-Maxwell system, utilizing finite-elements for the electromagnetic fields and the particle-in-cell approach for the Vlasov…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2019-10-09 Eero Hirvijoki

We present a new solution in Einstein-Maxwell theory which can be considered as the magnetized version of Kerr-Taub-NUT solution. Some properties of the spacetime are discussed. We also compute the entropy of extremal black hole in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-08-11 Haryanto M. Siahaan

The standard General Relativity results for precession of particle orbits and for bending of null rays are derived as special cases of perturbation of a quantity that is conserved in Newtonian physics, the Runge-Lenz vector. First this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Dieter R. Brill , Deepak Goel

The existence of twisted light may be inferred from modern quantum concepts and experimental data. These waves possess energy, impulse and angular momentum. However, the Maxwell's four-dimensional theory of electromagnetism does not imply…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 Yuriy A. Portnov

We reconstruct a 3+1 formalism of general relativistic electromagnetism, and derive the equations of motion of charged particles in the pulsar magnetosphere, taking account of the inclination between the rotation axis and the magnetic axis.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Nobuyuki Sakai , Shinpei Shibata

We have obtained an electromagnetic PIC (EM-PIC) algorithm based on time-space-extended particle in cell model. In this model particles are shaped objects extended over time and space around Lagrangian markers. Sources carried by these…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2011-09-09 J. Yazdanpanah