Related papers: Complex Dependencies in Large Software Systems
Open source software ecosystems consist of thousands of interdependent libraries, which users can combine to great effect. Recent work has pointed out two kinds of risks in these systems: that technical problems like bugs and…
Open-source software is a complex system; its development depends on the self-coordinated action of a large number of agents. This study follows the size of the building blocks, called "packages", of the Ubuntu Linux operating system over…
We consider a growing network, whose growth algorithm is based on the preferential attachment typical for scale-free constructions, but where the long-range bonds are disadvantaged. Thus, the probability to get connected to a site at…
Starting from the pioneering works on software architecture precious guidelines have emerged to indicate how computer programs should be organized. For example the "separation of concerns" suggests to split a program into modules that…
Open source software is a rapidly evolving center for distributed work, and understanding the characteristics of this work across its different contexts is vital for informing policy, economics, and the design of enabling software. The…
In this paper, we present a complex network approach to the study of software engineering. We have found universal network patterns in a large collection of object-oriented (OO) software systems written in C++ and Java. All the systems…
Many complex systems--from social and communication networks to biological networks and the Internet--are thought to exhibit scale-free structure. However, prevailing explanations rely on the constant addition of new nodes, an assumption…
In Open Source Software, resources of any project are open for reuse by introducing dependencies or copying the resource itself. In contrast to dependency-based reuse, the infrastructure to systematically support copy-based reuse appears to…
Complex natural and technological systems can be considered, on a coarse-grained level, as assemblies of elementary components: for example, genomes as sets of genes, or texts as sets of words. On one hand, the joint occurrence of…
Many networks in natural and human-made systems exhibit scale-free properties and are small worlds. Now we show that people's understanding of complex systems in their cognitive maps also follow a scale-free topology. People focus on a few…
Real complex systems are not rigidly structured; no clear rules or blueprints exist for their construction. Yet, amidst their apparent randomness, complex structural properties universally emerge. We propose that an important class of…
Understanding the structural characteristics and connectivity patterns of large-scale software ecosystems is critical for enhancing software reuse, improving ecosystem resilience, and mitigating security risks. In this paper, we investigate…
Components in many real-world complex systems depend on each other for the resources required for survival, and may die of a shortage. These patterns of dependencies often take the form of a complex network whose structure potentially…
Dependency networks (Heckerman et al., 2000) provide a flexible framework for modeling complex systems with many variables by combining independently learned local conditional distributions through pseudo-Gibbs sampling. Despite their…
We include complex connectivity structures and heterogeneity in models of multilayer networks or multilayer hypergraphs growing by preferential attachment. We consider the most generic connectivity structure, where the probability of…
Preferential attachment is often suggested to be the underlying mechanism of the growth of a network, largely due to that many real networks are, to a certain extent, scale-free. However, such attribution is usually made under debatable…
Modern software development is increasingly dependent on components, libraries and frameworks coming from third-party vendors or open-source suppliers and made available through a number of platforms (or forges). This way of writing…
Paper proposes a model of large networks based on a random preferential attachment graph with addition of complete subgraphs (cliques). The proposed model refers to models of random graphs following the nonlinear preferential attachment…
CARDS (Corpus of Acyclic Repositories and Dependency Systems) is a collection of directed graphs which express dependency relations, extracted from diverse real-world sources such as package managers, version control systems, and event…
Preferential attachment schemes, where the selection mechanism is linear and possibly time-dependent, are considered, and an infinite-dimensional large deviation principle for the sample path evolution of the empirical degree distribution…