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The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy production in macroscopic systems is non-negative, reaching zero only at thermodynamic equilibrium. As a corollary, this implies that the state trajectory of macroscopic systems is…
Can one demonstrate quantitative effects of diversity within a system comprised of distinct individuals on the performance of the system as a whole? Assuming that individuals can be different, we develop a model to interpolate between…
A binary fluid mixture in contact with lateral particle reservoirs is considered. By imposing different particle concentrations in these reservoirs, the system can be maintained under controlled non-equilibrium conditions. Previous…
Collective behavior, both in real biological systems as well as in theoretical models, often displays a rich combination of different kinds of order. A clear-cut and unique definition of "phase" based on the standard concept of order…
Noncooperative game theory provides a normative framework for analyzing strategic interactions. However, for the toolbox to be operational, the solutions it defines will have to be computed. In this paper, we provide a single reduction that…
Complex systems are characterised by a tight, nontrivial interplay of their constituents, which gives rise to a multi-scale spectrum of emergent properties. In this scenario, it is practically and conceptually difficult to identify those…
We propose a computational framework to quantify (measure) and to optimize the reliability of complex systems. The approach uses a graph representation of the system that is subject to random failures of its components (nodes and edges).…
It is becoming increasingly apparent that probabilistic approaches can overcome conservatism and computational complexity of the classical worst-case deterministic framework and may lead to designs that are actually safer. In this paper we…
This work proposes an algorithm for seeking generalised feedback Nash equilibria (GFNE) in noncooperative dynamic games. The focus is on cyber-physical systems with dynamics which are linear, stochastic, potentially unstable, and partially…
A key property for systems subject to uncertainty in their operating environment is robustness, ensuring that unmodelled, but bounded, disturbances have only a proportionally bounded effect upon the behaviours of the system. Inspired by…
Ensuring robust decision-making in multi-agent systems is challenging when agents have distinct, possibly conflicting objectives and lack full knowledge of each other's strategies. This is apparent in safety-critical applications such as…
This paper considers the problem of inverse reinforcement learning in zero-sum stochastic games when expert demonstrations are known to be not optimal. Compared to previous works that decouple agents in the game by assuming optimality in…
While the idea of robust dynamic programming (DP) is compelling for systems affected by uncertainty, addressing worst-case disturbances generally results in excessive conservatism. This paper introduces a method for constructing control…
A field-theoretic description of the critical behaviour of the weakly disordered systems is given. Directly, for three- and two-dimensional systems a renormalization analysis of the effective Hamiltonian of model with replica symmetry…
We present a Bayesian nonparametric system reliability model which scales well and provides a great deal of flexibility in modeling. The Bayesian approach naturally handles the disparate amounts of component and subsystem data that may…
We study the notion of approximate entropy within the framework of network theory. Approximate entropy is an uncertainty measure originally proposed in the context of dynamical systems and time series. We firstly define a purely structural…
Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are integral in critical infrastructures such as power grids, transportation networks, and production systems. Ensuring the resilient operation of these large-scale NCSs against cyber-attacks is crucial for…
Entanglement entropy has become an important theoretical concept in condensed matter physics, because it provides a unique tool for characterizing quantum mechanical many-body phases and new kinds of quantum order. However, the experimental…
Resiliency has garnered attention in the management of critical infrastructure as a metric of system performance, but there are significant roadblocks to its implementation in a realistic decision-making framework. Contrasted to risk and…
Here we deconstruct, and then in a reasoned way reconstruct, the concept of "entropy of a system," paying particular attention to where the randomness may be coming from. We start with the core concept of entropy as a COUNT associated with…