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Under extreme conditions of temperature and/or density, quarks and gluons are expected to undergo a deconfinement phase transition. While this is an ephemeral phenomenon at the ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collider (BNL-RHIC), quark matter…
We develop a unified model of hadrons and quarks. Within this approach we investigate the phase structure of the model as function of temperature and chemical potential. Computing the equation of state of cold matter we determine neutron…
Neutron stars are valuable laboratories for the study of dense matter. Recent observations have uncovered both massive and low-mass neutron stars and have also set constraints on neutron star radii. The largest mass measurements are…
We investigate the phase transition to a deconfined phase and the consequences in the formation of neutron stars. We use the recently proposed effective field theory motivated relativistic mean field theory for hadron and the MIT Bag model…
The gravitational waves emitted by neutron stars carry unique information about their structure and composition. Direct detection of these gravitational waves, however, is a formidable technical challenge. In a recent study we quantified…
We model the X-rays reprocessed by an accretion disk in a fiducial low-mass X-ray binary system with a neutron star primary. An atmosphere, or the intermediate region between the optically thick disk and a Compton-temperature corona, is…
The neutrino emissivity of compact stars is investigated in this work. We consider stars consisting of nuclear as well as quark matter for this purpose. Different models are used to calculate the composition of nuclear and quark matter and…
The properties of the outer crust of non-accreting cold neutron stars are studied by using modern nuclear data and theoretical mass tables updating in particular the classic work of Baym, Pethick and Sutherland. Experimental data from the…
Neutron stars are associated with diverse physical phenomena that take place in conditions characterized by ultrahigh densities as well as intense gravitational, magnetic, and radiation fields. Understanding the properties and interactions…
Neutron star properties depend on both nuclear physics and astrophysical processes, and thus observations of neutron stars offer constraints on both large-scale astrophysics and the behavior of cold, dense matter. In this study, we use…
Neutron stars contain matter in one of the densest forms found in the Universe. This feature, together with the unprecedented progress in observational astrophysics, makes such stars superb astrophysical laboratories for a broad range of…
We present the first astrophysical measurement of the pressure of cold matter above nuclear saturation density, based on recently determined masses and radii of three neutron stars. The pressure at higher densities are below the predictions…
We report on numerical calculations of orbital and epicyclic frequencies in nearly circular orbits around rotating neutron stars and strange quark stars. The FPS equation of state was used to describe the neutron star structure while the…
The accretion of matter onto the surface of a neutron star in a low-mass X-ray binary triggers X-ray bursts, whose ashes are buried and further processed thus altering the composition and the properties of the stellar crust. In this second…
We present a short general overview of the main features of exotic models of neutron stars, focusing on the structural and dynamical predictions derived from them. In particular, we discuss the presence of ``normal'' quark matter and…
In recent years, there have been several successful attempts to constrain the equation of state of neutron star matter using input from low-energy nuclear physics and observational data. We demonstrate that significant further restrictions…
Some accreting neutron stars and young stars show unexplained episodic flares in the form of quasi-periodic oscillations or recurrent outbursts. In a series of two papers we present new work on an instability that can lead to episodic…
The general statement that hypothetical strange (quark matter) stars cool more rapidly than neutron stars is investigated in greater detail. It is found that the direct Urca process could be forbidden not only in neutron stars but also in…
This paper gives an overview of the properties of all possible equilibrium sequences of compact strange-matter stars with nuclear crusts, which range from strange stars to strange dwarfs. In contrast to their non-strange counterparts,…
We consider the circular motion of test particles in the gravitational field of a rotating deformed object described by the Hartle-Thorne metric. This metric represents an approximate solution to the vacuum Einstein field equations,…