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A new proof for adjoint systems of linear equations is presented. The argument is built on the principles of Algorithmic Differentiation. Application to scalar multiplication sets the base line. Generalization yields adjoint inner vector,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-20 Uwe Naumann

We produce a hierarchiy of integrable equations by systematically adding terms to the Lax pair for the lattice modified KdV equation. The equations in the hierarchy are related to one aonother by recursion relations. These recursion…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-05 Mike Hay

A periodic lattice in Euclidean space is the infinite set of all integer linear combinations of basis vectors. Any lattice can be generated by infinitely many different bases. This ambiguity was only partially resolved, but standard…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2022-03-29 Vitaliy Kurlin

Realizations of four dimensional Lie algebras as vector fields in the plane are explicitly constructed. Fourth order ordinary differential equations which admit such Lie symmetry algebras are derived. The route to their integration is…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 T. Cerquetelli , N. Ciccoli , M. C. Nucci

We propose a lattice model, in both one- and multidimensional versions, which may give rise to matching conditions necessary for the generation of solitons through the second-harmonic generation. The model describes an array of linearly…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Vladimir V. Konotop , Boris A. Malomed

The sets of the integrable lattice equations, which generalize the Toda lattice, are considered. The hierarchies of the first integrals and infinitesimal symmetries are found. The properties of the multi-soliton solutions are discussed.

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 N. V. Ustinov

We consider higher symmetries and operator symmetries of linear partial differential equations. The higher symmetries form a Lie algebra, and operator ones form an associative algebra. The relationship between these symmetries is…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-05-29 Oleg Kaptsov

The new concept of a system of hex equations is introduced as an overdetermined system of six five-point face-centered quad equations defined on six vertices of a hexagon. For a consistent system of hex equations, two variables on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Andrew P. Kels

We consider a class of systems of difference equations defined on an elementary quadrilateral of the ${\mathbb{Z}}^2$ lattice, define their eliminable and dynamical variables, and demonstrate their use. Using the existence of infinite…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-09-02 Louis Brady , Pavlos Xenitidis

Linear differential equations of arbitrary order with polynomial coefficients are considered. Specifically, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of polynomial solutions of a given degree are obtained for these equations. An…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-09-27 H. Azad , A. Laradji , M. T. Mustafa

This paper studies the structure of Lax pairs associated with integrable lattice systems (where space is a one-dimensional lattice, and time is continuous). It describes a procedure for generating examples of such systems, and emphasizes…

solv-int · Physics 2015-06-26 R. S. Ward

The lattice size of a lattice polytope is a geometric invariant which was formally introduced in the context of simplification of the defining equation of an algebraic curve, but appeared implicitly earlier in geometric combinatorics.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-16 Abdulrahman Alajmi , Sayok Chakravarty , Zachary Kaplan , Jenya Soprunova

We show that there are 4 infinite families of lattice equable kites, given by corresponding Pell or Pell-like equations, but up to Euclidean motions, there are exactly 5 lattice equable trapezoids (2 isosceles, 2 right, 1 singular) and 4…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-05-04 Christian Aebi , Grant Cairns

In this paper, we derive some necessary and sufficient solvability conditions for some systems of one sided coupled Sylvester-type real quaternion matrix equations in terms of ranks and generalized inverses of matrices. We also give the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2017-02-03 Zhuo-Heng He , Qing-Wen Wang

We investigate computability in the lattice of equivalence relations on the natural numbers. We mostly investigate whether the subsets of appropriately defined subrecursive equivalence relations -for example the set of all polynomial-time…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-04-20 Jean-Yves Moyen , Jakob Grue Simonsen

In this paper an approach to generate multi-dimensionally consistent $N$-component systems is proposed. The approach starts from scalar multi-dimensionally consistent quadrilateral systems and makes use of the cyclic group. The obtained…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2020-07-02 Dan-Da Zhang , Peter H. van der Kamp , Da-Jun Zhang

We present a method to obtain families of lattice equations. Specifically we focus on two of such families, which include 3-parameters and their members are connected through B\"acklund transformations. At least one of the members of each…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2011-10-31 Pavlos Kassotakis , Maciej Nieszporski

A lattice in the Euclidean space is standard if it has a basis consisting vectors whose norms equal to the length in its successive minima. In this paper, it is shown that with the $L^2$ norm all lattices of dimension $n$ are standard if…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-06 Rongquan Feng , Longke Tang , Kun Wang

A large family of linear codes with flexible parameters from almost bent functions and perfect nonlinear functions are constructed and their parameters are determined. Some constructed linear codes and their related codes are optimal in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Weiqiong Wang , Yan Wang

There exist as many index-$k$ sublattices of the hexagonal lattice up to isometry as there exist lattice triangles with normalized volume $k$ up to unimodular equivalence, which can be explained using orbifolds. In dimension 3, it was noted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Andrey Zabolotskiy