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The standard approach to universal fault-tolerant quantum computing is to develop a general purpose quantum error correction mechanism that can implement a universal set of logical gates fault-tolerantly. Given such a scheme, any quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Zhuangzhuang Chen , Narayanan Rengaswamy

We design flexible fault tolerant gate gadgets that allow the data and the ancilla to be encoded using different codes. By picking a stabilizer code for the ancilla we are able to perform both Clifford and non-Clifford gates fault…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-19 Eric Kubischta , Ian Teixeira

Topological quantum error correction codes are currently among the most promising candidates for efficiently dealing with the decoherence effects inherently present in quantum devices. Numerically, their theoretical error threshold can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-13 Ruben S. Andrist , Helmut G. Katzgraber , H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

This is a comprehensive review on fault-tolerant topological quantum computation with the surface codes. The basic concepts and useful tools underlying fault-tolerant quantum computation, such as universal quantum computation, stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-08 Keisuke Fujii

Quantum error correction and fault-tolerant quantum computation are two fundamental concepts which make quantum computing feasible. While providing a theoretical means with which to ensure the arbitrary accuracy of any quantum circuit,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. M. Stephens , S. J. Devitt , A. G. Fowler , J. C. Ang , L. C. L. Hollenberg

Geometric quantum computation offers a practical strategy toward robust quantum computation due to its inherently error tolerance. However, the rigorous geometric conditions lead to complex and/or error-disturbed quantum controls,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-28 Tao Chen , Zheng-Yuan Xue , Z. D. Wang

There are many distributed systems which use a leader in their logic. When such systems need to be fault tolerant and the current leader suffers a technical problem, it is necesary to apply a special algorithm in order to choose a new…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-03-08 Marius Rafailescu

High-rate concatenated quantum codes offer a promising pathway toward fault-tolerant quantum computation, yet designing efficient decoders that fully exploit their error-correction capability remains a significant challenge. In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Chao Zhang , Zipeng Wu , Jiahui Wu , Shilin Huang

We show in this paper that a strong and easy connection exists between quantum error correction and Lattice Gauge Theories (LGT) by using the Gauge symmetry to construct an efficient error-correcting code for Abelian LGTs. We identify the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 L. Spagnoli , A. Roggero , N. Wiebe

Topological quantum codes are intrinsically fault-tolerant to local noise, and underlie the theory of topological phases of matter. We explore geometry to enhance the performance of topological quantum codes by rotating the four dimensional…

This paper proves the threshold result, which asserts that quantum computation can be made robust against errors and inaccuracies, when the error rate, $\eta$, is smaller than a constant threshold, $\eta_c$. The result holds for a very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dorit Aharonov , Michael Ben-Or

Reversible logic is emerging as an important research area having its application in diverse fields such as low power CMOS design, digital signal processing, cryptography, quantum computing and optical information processing. This paper…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2010-08-20 Md. Saiful Islam , Zerina Begum

To solve classically hard problems, quantum computers need to be resilient to the influence of noise and decoherence. In such a fault-tolerant quantum computer, noise-induced errors must be detected and corrected in real-time to prevent…

The weighted-Hamming metric generalizes the Hamming metric by assigning different weights to blocks of coordinates. It is well-suited for applications such as coding over independent parallel channels, each of which has a different level of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Sebastian Bitzer , Alberto Ravagnani , Violetta Weger

Fault-tolerant complexes describe surface-code fault-tolerant protocols from a single geometric object. We first introduce fusion complexes that define a general family of fusion-based quantum computing (FBQC) fault-tolerant quantum…

Fault-tolerant quantum computation critically depends on architectures uniting high encoding rates with physical implementability. Quantum low-density parity-check (qLDPC) codes, including bivariate bicycle (BB) codes, achieve dramatic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-24 Yingli Yang , Guo Zhang , Ying Li

Quantum computers will eventually reach a size at which quantum error correction becomes imperative. Quantum information can be protected from qubit imperfections and flawed control operations by encoding a single logical qubit in multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-15 N. M. Linke , M. Gutierrez , K. A. Landsman , C. Figgatt , S. Debnath , K. R. Brown , C. Monroe

Practical large-scale quantum computation requires both efficient error correction and robust implementation of logical operations. Three-dimensional (3D) color codes are a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computation due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Friederike Butt , Lars Esser , Markus Müller

Fault-tolerant logical entangling gates are essential for scalable quantum computing, but are limited by the error rates and overheads of physical two-qubit gates and measurements. To address this limitation, we introduce phantom…

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