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A numerical semigroup is said to be universally free if it is free for any possible arrangement of its minimal generating set. In this work, we establish that toric ideals associated with universally free numerical semigroups can be…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-03-14 Ignacio García Marco , Pedro A. García-Sánchez , Ignacio Ojeda , Christos Tatakis

Let $S$ be a numerical semigroup. We will say that $h\in {\mathbb{N}} \backslash S$ is an {\it isolated gap }of $S$ if $\{h-1,h+1\}\subseteq S.$ A numerical semigroup without isolated gaps is called perfect numerical semigroup. Denote by…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-05-25 M. A. Moreno-Frías , J. C. Rosales

This paper provides a formula for the minimal relations and the Frobenius number of a numerical semigroup minimally generated by three pairwise coprime positive integers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-25 Alessio Moscariello

In this paper we analyze the irreducibility of numerical semigroups with multiplicity up to four. Our approach uses the notion of Kunz-coordinates vector of a numerical semigroup recently introduced in (Blanco-Puerto, 2011). With this tool…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2011-04-15 Víctor Blanco

Denote by $\mathrm m(S)$ the multiplicity of a numerical semigroup $S$. A covariety is a nonempty family $\mathscr{C}$ of numerical semigroups that fulfills the following conditions: there is the minimum of $\mathscr{C},$ the intersection…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-02-21 M. A. Moreno-Frías , J. C. Rosales

We consider the Diophantine problem of Frobenius for semigroup ${\sf S}({\bf d}^3)$ where ${\bf d}^3$ denotes the tuple $(d_1,d_2,d_3)$, $\gcd(d_1,d_2,d_3)=1$. Based on the Hadamard product of analytic functions we have found the analytic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Leonid G. Fel

We introduce the notion of numerical semigroups generated by concatenation of arithmetic sequences and show that this class of numerical semigroups exhibit multiple interesting behaviours.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2020-03-27 Ranjana Mehta , Joydip Saha , Indranath Sengupta

This paper studies Young diagrams of symmetric and pseudo-symmetric numerical semigroups and describes new operations on Young diagrams as well as numerical semigroups. These provide new decompositions of symmetric and pseudo-symmetric…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2020-11-18 Meral Süer , Mehmet Yeşil

We generalize the notion of symmetric semigroups, pseudo symmetric semigroups, and row factorization matrices for pseudo Frobenius elements of numerical semigroups to the case of semigroups with maximal projective dimension (MPD…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2022-08-25 Om Prakash Bhardwaj , Kriti Goel , Indranath Sengupta

We provide algorithms for performing computations in generalized numerical semigroups, that is, submonoids of $\mathbb{N}^{d}$ with finite complement in $\mathbb{N}^{d}$. These semigroups are affine semigroups, which in particular implies…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-22 Carmelo Cisto , Manuel Delgado , Pedro A. García-Sánchez

In this work we will introduce the concept of ratio-covariety, as a nonempty family $\mathscr{R}$ of numerical semigroups verifying certain properties. This concept will allow us to: \begin{enumerate} \item Describe an algorithmic process…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-05-04 M. A. Moreno-Frías , J. C. Rosales

A numerical semigroup is a subset of the non-negative integers that is closed under addition. For a randomly generated numerical semigroup, the expected number of minimum generators can be expressed in terms of a doubly-indexed sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Calvin Leng , Christopher O'Neill

A numerical semigroup is called cyclotomic if its corresponding numerical semigroup polynomial $P_S(x)=(1-x)\sum_{s\in S}x^s$ is expressable as the product of cyclotomic polynomials. Ciolan, Garc\'ia-S\'anchez, and Moree conjectured that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-07 Mehtaab Sawhney , David Stoner

In this work we will show that if $F$ is a positive integer, then the set ${\mathrm{Arf}}(F)=\{S\mid S \mbox{ is an Arf numerical semigroup with Frobenius number } F\}$ verifies the following conditions: 1) $\Delta(F)=\{0,F+1,\rightarrow\}$…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-03-23 M. A. Moreno-Frías , J. C. Rosales

Let $\mathcal{G}$ denote the variety generated by infinite dimensional Grassmann algebras; i.e., the collection of all unitary associative algebras satisfying the identity $[[z_1,z_2],z_3]=0$, where $[z_i,z_j]=z_iz_j-z_jz_i$. Consider the…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Nazan Akdogan , Sehmus Findik

A \emph{numerical semigroup} is a subset $\Lambda$ of the nonnegative integers that is closed under addition, contains $0$, and omits only finitely many nonnegative integers (called the \emph{gaps} of $\Lambda$). The collection of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-21 Evan O'Dorney

We find a relation between the genus of a quotient of a numerical semigroup $S$ and the genus of $S$ itself. We use this identity to compute the genus of a quotient of $S$ when $S$ has embedding dimension $2$. We also exhibit identities…

Given two numerical semigroups $S$ and $T$ and a positive integer $d$, $S$ is said to be one over $d$ of $T$ if $S=\{s \in \mathbb{N} \ | \ ds \in T \}$ and in this case $T$ is called a $d$-fold of $S$. We prove that the minimal genus of…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-03 Francesco Strazzanti

The greatest integer that does not belong to a numerical semigroup $S$ is called the Frobenius number of $S$, and finding the Frobenius number is called the Frobenius problem. In this paper, we solve the Frobenius problem for the numerical…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-06 WonTae Hwang , Kyunghwan Song

This article discusses numerical semigroups having a generator which is as large as possible. This turns out to be $2g+1$, where $g$ is the genus of the semigroup. We will show that these semigroups are closely related to symmetric…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Michael Hellus , Reinhold Hübl , Anton Rechenauer
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