Related papers: Model Atmospheres for Cool Massive Stars

An inversion technique to recover LTE one-dimensional model photospheres for late-type stars, which was previously applied to the Sun (Allende Prieto et al. 1998), is now employed to reconstruct, semi-empirically, the photospheres of cooler…

We describe the Cool Opacity-sampling Dynamic EXtended (CODEX) atmosphere models of Mira variable stars, and examine in detail the physical and numerical approximations that go in to the model creation. The CODEX atmospheric models are…

Present observational techniques provide stellar spectra with high resolution at a high signal-to-noise ratio over the complete wavelength range -- from the far infrared to the X-ray. NLTE effects are particularly important for hot stars,…

Advances in stellar interior modeling are being driven by new data from large-scale surveys and high-precision photometric and spectroscopic observations. Here we focus on single stars in normal evolutionary phases; we will not discuss the…

A grid of ATLAS9 model atmospheres has been computed, spanning 3500 K <= T_eff <= 8000 K, 0.0 <= log g <= 5.0, -4.0 <= [M/H] <= 0.0, and -0.8 < [alpha/Fe] <= +1.2. These parameters are appropriate for stars in the red giant branch, subgiant…

We have constructed a grid of about 10,000 spherically symmetric and plane-parallel models with the MARCS program, and make it available for public use. Parameter ranges are: Teff=2500 to 8000 K, log g =log(GM/R2)= -1 to 5 (cgs) with…

Recent observations have revealed a population of red massive galaxies at high redshift which are challenging to explain in hierarchical galaxy formation models. We analyze this ``massive galaxy problem'' with two different types of…

Red Supergiants (RSGs) are cool (~4000K), highly luminous stars (L - 10^5 Lsun), and are among the brightest near-infrared (NIR) sources in star-forming galaxies. This makes them powerful probes of the properties of their host galaxies,…

1D climate models are less sophisticated than 3D global circulation models (GCMs), however their computational time is much less expensive, allowing a large number of runs in a short period of time to explore a wide parameter space.…

With the goal of producing a reliable set of model atoms and singly-ionized ions for use in building NLTE model atmospheres, we have combined measured energy levels, critically-compiled line transition probabilities, and resonance-averaged…

Red supergiants (RSGs) are a He-burning phase in the evolution of moderately high mass stars (10-25 solar masses). The evolution of these stars, particularly at low metallicities, is still poorly understood. The latest-type RSGs in the…

Neutral sodium is a minority species in the atmospheres of late-type stars, and line formation in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) is often a poor assumption, in particular for strong lines. We present an extensive grid of non-LTE…

The late evolutionary stages of stellar evolution are a key ingredient for our understanding in many fields of astrophysics, including stellar evolution and the enrichment of the interstellar medium (ISM) via stellar yields. Already the…

Super-Eddington luminosities in hydrostatic model atmospheres manifest themselves by the presence of gas pressure inversions. Such inversions are not an artifact of the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium but can also be present in…

Context: Traditional one-dimensional (1D) hydrostatic model atmospheres introduce systematic modelling errors into spectroscopic analyses of FGK-type stars. Aims: We present an updated version of the STAGGER-grid of 3D model atmospheres,…

Hydrodynamical, i.e. multi-dimensional and time-dependent, model atmospheres of late-type stars have reached a high level of realism. They are commonly applied in high-fidelity work on stellar abundances but also allow the study of…

The recent progress in high-spatial-resolution techniques, spanning wavelengths from the visual to the radio regime, is leading to new valuable insights into the complex dynamical atmospheres of Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars and their…

Based on a grid of hydrostatic spherical COMARCS models for cool stars we have calculated observable properties of these objects, which will be mainly used in combination with stellar evolution tracks and population synthesis tools. The…

Context: Among late-type red giants, an interesting change occurs in the structure of the outer atmospheric layers as one moves to later spectral types in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram: a chromosphere is always present, but the coronal…

Large-scale stellar surveys, such as SDSS-V, 4MOST, WEAVE, and PLATO, require accurate atmospheric models and synthetic spectra of stars for accurate analyses of fundamental stellar parameters and chemical abundances. The primary goal of…