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We give factorizations for weighted spanning tree enumerators of Cartesian products of complete graphs, keeping track of fine weights related to degree sequences and edge directions. Our methods combine Kirchhoff's Matrix-Tree Theorem with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jeremy L. Martin , Victor Reiner

We study the average height of random trees generated by leaf-centric binary tree sources as introduced by Zhang, Yang and Kieffer. A leaf-centric binary tree source induces for every $n \geq 2$ a probability distribution on the set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-29 Louisa Seelbach Benkner

We introduce weighted regular tree grammars with storage as combination of (a) regular tree grammars with storage and (b) weighted tree automata over multioperator monoids. Each weighted regular tree grammar with storage generates a…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Zoltán Fülöp , Luisa Herrmann , Heiko Vogler

Maxmin trees are labeled trees with the property that each vertex is either a local maximum or a local minimum. Such trees were originally introduced by Postnikov, who gave a formula to count them and different combinatorial interpretations…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-02-06 William Dugan , Sam Glennon , Paul E. Gunnells , Einar Steingrimsson

We introduce a generalization of Smirnov words in the context of labeled binary trees, which we call Smirnov trees. We study the generating function for ascent-descent statistics on Smirnov trees and establish that it is $e$-positive, which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-30 Matjaž Konvalinka , Vasu Tewari

Michael Somos conjectured a relation between Hankel determinants whose entries $\frac 1{2n+1}\binom{3n}n$ count ternary trees and the number of certain plane partitions and alternating sign matrices. Tamm evaluated these determinants by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ira Gessel , Guoce Xin

In this work, we present a series of bijections that reveal the deep connections between the concepts of tree records, the girth of a connected endofunction, and the genesis sequence, the first sequence in the OEIS. We use these results to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Enrica Duchi , Adrián Lillo , Pablo Puerto , Mercedes Rosas , Stefan Trandafir

There are several interrelated notions of discrete curvature on graphs. Many approaches utilize the optimal transportation metric on its probability simplex or the distance matrix of the graph. In this survey article, we compute formulas…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Sawyer Jack Robertson

A relaxed $k$-ary tree is an ordered directed acyclic graph with a unique source and sink in which every node has out-degree $k$. These objects arise in the compression of trees in which some repeated subtrees are factored and repeated…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Manosij Ghosh Dastidar , Michael Wallner

This paper considers linear functions constructed on two different weighted branching processes and provides explicit bounds for their Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance in terms of couplings of their corresponding generic branching vectors.…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Ningyuan Chen , Mariana Olvera-Cravioto

It is known that the number of minimal factorizations of the long cycle in the symmetric group into a product of $k$ cycles of given lengths has a very simple formula: it is $n^{k-1}$ where $n$ is the rank of the underlying symmetric group…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-29 Philippe Biane , Matthieu Josuat-Vergès

In this paper, we introduce a new representation for ordered trees, the weight sequence representation. We then use this to construct new representations for both rooted trees and free trees, namely the canonical weight sequence…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Paul Brown , Trevor Fenner

Hypertree decompositions (HDs), as well as the more powerful generalized hypertree decompositions (GHDs), and the yet more general fractional hypertree decompositions (FHDs) are hypergraph decomposition methods successfully used for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Georg Gottlob , Matthias Lanzinger , Reinhard Pichler , Igor Razgon

Two-side estimates for two-weighted discrete Hardy-type operators on a tree are obtained. For general weights we prove the discrete analogue of Evans - Harris - Pick theorem (it is a quite simple consequence from their result). It gives the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-11-05 A. A. Vasil'eva

We prove limit theorems for sums of functions of subtrees of binary search trees and random recursive trees. In particular, we give simple new proofs of the fact that the number of fringe trees of size $ k=k_n $ in the binary search tree…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-06-27 Cecilia Holmgren , Svante Janson

We establish limit theorems that describe the asymptotic local and global geometric behaviour of random enriched trees considered up to symmetry. We apply these general results to random unlabelled weighted rooted graphs and uniform random…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-15 Benedikt Stufler

We study a generating function for the sum over fatgraphs with specified valences of vertices and faces, inversely weighted by the order of their symmetry group. A compact expression is found for general (i.e. non necessarily connected)…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 P. Di Francesco , C. Itzykson

In light of the grammar given by Ji for the $(\alpha,\beta)$-Eulerian polynomials introduced by Carlitz and Scoville, we provide a labeling scheme for increasing binary trees. In this setting, we obtain a combinatorial interpretation of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-31 William Y. C. Chen , Amy M. Fu

The $k$-expansion of a graph $G$ is the $k$-uniform hypergraph obtained from $G$ by adding $k-2$ new vertices to every edge. We determine, for all $k > d \geq 1$, asymptotically optimal $d$-degree conditions that ensure the existence of all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Mengjiao Rao , Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala , Lin Sun , Guanghui Wang , Wenling Zhou

We give a simple formula for the number of hypertrees with $k$ hyperedges of given sizes and $n+1$ labelled vertices with prescribed degrees. A slight generalization of this formula counts labelled bipartite trees with prescribed degrees in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-02-15 Roland Bacher