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The sum-product or belief propagation (BP) algorithm is a widely-used message-passing algorithm for computing marginal distributions in graphical models with discrete variables. At the core of the BP message updates, when applied to a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-05-28 Nima Noorshams , Martin J. Wainwright

Belief propagation is known to perform extremely well in many practical statistical inference and learning problems using graphical models, even in the presence of multiple loops. The iterative use of belief propagation algorithm on loopy…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-02-13 Xiangqiong Shi , Dan Schonfeld , Daniela Tuninetti

Max-product Belief Propagation (BP) is a popular message-passing algorithm for computing a Maximum-A-Posteriori (MAP) assignment over a distribution represented by a Graphical Model (GM). It has been shown that BP can solve a number of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Sungsoo Ahn , Sejun Park , Michael Chertkov , Jinwoo Shin

The sum-product or belief propagation (BP) algorithm is a widely used message-passing technique for computing approximate marginals in graphical models. We introduce a new technique, called stochastic orthogonal series message-passing…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-12-18 Nima Noorshams , Martin J. Wainwright

The max-product {belief propagation} (BP) is a popular message-passing heuristic for approximating a maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) assignment in a joint distribution represented by a graphical model (GM). In the past years, it has been shown…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-29 Sejun Park , Jinwoo Shin

Finding the most probable assignment (MAP) in a general graphical model is known to be NP hard but good approximations have been attained with max-product belief propagation (BP) and its variants. In particular, it is known that using BP on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Yair Weiss , Chen Yanover , Talya Meltzer

Max-product "belief propagation" is an iterative, local, message-passing algorithm for finding the maximum a posteriori (MAP) assignment of a discrete probability distribution specified by a graphical model. Despite the spectacular success…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-06 Mohsen Bayati , Devavrat Shah , Mayank Sharma

Belief Propagation (BP) is an important message-passing algorithm for various reasoning tasks over graphical models, including solving the Constraint Optimization Problems (COPs). It has been shown that BP can achieve state-of-the-art…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Yanchen Deng , Shufeng Kong , Caihua Liu , Bo An

Message passing type algorithms such as the so-called Belief Propagation algorithm have recently gained a lot of attention in the statistics, signal processing and machine learning communities as attractive algorithms for solving a variety…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-10 David Gamarnik , Devavrat Shah , Yehua Wei

Belief Propagation algorithms are instruments used broadly to solve graphical model optimization and statistical inference problems. In the general case of a loopy Graphical Model, Belief Propagation is a heuristic which is quite successful…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-15 Andrii Riazanov , Yury Maximov , Michael Chertkov

Belief propagation (BP) algorithm is a widely used message-passing method for inference in graphical models. BP on loop-free graphs converges in linear time. But for graphs with loops, BP's performance is uncertain, and the understanding of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-30 Dong Liu , Minh Thành Vu , Zuxing Li , Lars K. Rasmussen

Inference problems in graphical models can be represented as a constrained optimization of a free energy function. It is known that when the Bethe free energy is used, the fixedpoints of the belief propagation (BP) algorithm correspond to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Tamir Hazan , Amnon Shashua

Probabilistic inference problems arise naturally in distributed systems such as sensor networks and teams of mobile robots. Inference algorithms that use message passing are a natural fit for distributed systems, but they must be robust to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Mark Paskin , Carlos E. Guestrin

We study the Maximum Weight Matching (MWM) problem for general graphs through the max-product Belief Propagation (BP) and related Linear Programming (LP). The BP approach provides distributed heuristics for finding the Maximum A Posteriori…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Sungsoo Ahn , Michael Chertkov , Andrew E. Gelfand , Sejun Park , Jinwoo Shin

Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) commonly arise in communication systems, particularly in bilinear joint estimation and detection problems. Although the product of GMMs is still a GMM, as the number of factors increases, the number of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Zilu Zhao , Dirk Slock

Computing the partition function, $Z$, of an Ising model over a graph of $N$ \enquote{spins} is most likely exponential in $N$. Efficient variational methods, such as Belief Propagation (BP) and Tree Re-Weighted (TRW) algorithms, compute…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Hamidreza Behjoo , Michael Chertkov

We extend the generalized approximate message passing (G-AMP) approach, originally proposed for high-dimensional generalized-linear regression in the context of compressive sensing, to the generalized-bilinear case, which enables its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-17 Jason T. Parker , Philip Schniter , Volkan Cevher

The max-product algorithm, a local message-passing scheme that attempts to compute the most probable assignment (MAP) of a given probability distribution, has been successfully employed as a method of approximate inference for applications…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-01-07 Nicholas Ruozzi , Sekhar Tatikonda

Belief Propagation (BP) is a message-passing algorithm for approximate inference over Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs), finding many applications such as computer vision, error-correcting codes, and protein-folding. While general, the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-26 Mark Van der Merwe , Vinu Joseph , Ganesh Gopalakrishnan

Recent advances in Rate-Distortion-Perception (RDP) theory highlight the importance of balancing compression level, reconstruction quality, and perceptual fidelity. While previous work has explored numerical approaches to approximate the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Chunhui Chen , Linyi Chen , Xueyan Niu , Hao Wu
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