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We derive the semi-classical gravitational dynamics from thermodynamics of local stretched light cones in 2-dimensional dilaton gravity, explicitly treating the backreaction of quantum matter through the conformal anomaly's effect on the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-05-07 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Marek Liška , Michał Piotrak

We investigate theories in which gravity arises as a consequence of entropy. We distinguish between two approaches to this idea: holographic gravity, in which Einstein's equation arises from keeping entropy stationary in equilibrium under…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-06-23 Sean M. Carroll , Grant N. Remmen

The Einstein equation is derived from the proportionality of entropy and horizon area together with the fundamental relation $\delta Q=TdS$ connecting heat, entropy, and temperature. The key idea is to demand that this relation hold for all…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 Ted Jacobson

I argue that the field equations of any theory of gravity which is diffeomorphism invariant must be expressible as a thermodynamic identity, TdS=dE around any event in the spacetime. This fact can be demonstrated explicitly (and rather…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-03-09 T. Padmanabhan

Renewed interest in deriving gravity (more precisely, the Einstein equations) from thermodynamics considerations [1, 2] is stirred up by a recent proposal that 'gravity is an entropic force' [3] (see also [4]). Even though I find the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-25 B. L. Hu

There exist two consistent theories of self-interacting gravitons: general relativity and Weyl transverse gravity. The latter has the same classical solutions as general relativity, but different local symmetries. We argue that Weyl…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-23 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Luis J. Garay , Marek Liška

We define, by an integral of geometric quantities over a spherical shell of arbitrary radius, an invariant gravitational entropy. This definition relies on defining a gravitational energy and pressure, and it reduces at the horizon of both…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

The two surprising features of gravity are (a) the principle of equivalence and (b) the connection between gravity and thermodynamics. Using principle of equivalence and special relativity in the {\it local inertial frame}, one could obtain…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Padmanabhan

I present the theoretical evidence which suggests that gravity is an emergent phenomenon like gas dynamics or elasticity with the gravitational field equations having the same status as, say, the equations of fluid dynamics/elasticity. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-13 T. Padmanabhan

We show that the equations of motion of generalized theories of gravity are equivalent to the thermodynamic relation $\delta Q = T \delta S$. Our proof relies on extending previous arguments by using a more general definition of the Noether…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-28 Ram Brustein , Merav Hadad

The Einstein-Hilbert action (and thus the dynamics of gravity) can be obtained by combining the principle of equivalence, special relativity and quantum theory in the Rindler frame and postulating that the horizon area must be proportional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 T. Padmanabhan

I describe the conceptual and mathematical basis of an approach which describes gravity as an emergent phenomenon. Combining principle of equivalence and principle of general covariance with known properties of local Rindler horizons,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-22 T. Padmanabhan

A general formalism for understanding the thermodynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric spacetimes is developed. The formalism reproduces known results in the case of black hole spacetimes. But its power lies in being able to handle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-19 T. Padmanabhan

Motivated by the analogy between the spacetime and the solid with inhomogeneous elasticity modulus, we present an alternative method to obtain the field equation of any diffeomorphism-invariant gravity, by extremizing the constructed…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-06 Shao-Feng Wu , Bin Wang , Xian-Hui Ge , Guo-Hong Yang

We find a (quasi-)local first law of thermodynamics, $\Delta E = T \Delta S - W$, connecting gravitational entropy, $S$, with matter energy and work. For Einstein gravity $S$ is the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, while for general theories of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-11-16 Maulik Parikh , Sudipta Sarkar , Andrew Svesko

Physical spacetime geometry follows from some effective thermodynamics of quantum states of all fields and particles described in frames of General Relativity. In the sense of pure field theoretical Einstein's point of view on gravitation…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-08-27 L. A. Glinka

For general metric theories of gravity, we compare the approach that describes-derives the field equations of gravity as a thermodynamic identity with the one which looks at them from entropy bounds. The comparison is made through the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-10-28 Alessandro Pesci

Spacetimes with horizons show a resemblance to thermodynamic systems and one can associate the notions of temperature and entropy with them. In the case of Einstein-Hilbert gravity, it is possible to interpret Einstein's equations as the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Aseem Paranjape , Sudipta Sarkar , T. Padmanabhan

There is an intriguing analogy between the gravitational dynamics of the horizons and thermodynamics. In case of general relativity, as well as for a wider class of Lanczos-Lovelock theories of gravity, it is possible to interpret the field…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Dawood Kothawala , Sudipta Sarkar , T. Padmanabhan

The Schwarzschild's black hole dynamics in presence of gravity is described on using the thermodynamic equations of state for contractile materials. Its entropy and temperature, obtained by using classical principles, reproduce the results…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-04 Fernando Porcelli , Giancarlo Scibona
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