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Quantum emitters such as quantum dots, defects in diamond or in silicon have emerged as efficient single photon sources that are progressively exploited in quantum technologies. In 2019, it was shown that the emitted single photon states…

In quantum physics we are confronted with new entities which consist indivisible of an energy packet and a coupled wave. The complementarity principle for certain properties of these quantum objects may be their main mystery. Photons are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-03 Ralf Menzel

We conceive an all-optical representation of the dynamics of two distinct types of interacting bosons in a double well by an array of evanescently coupled photonic waveguides. Many-particle interference effects are probed for various…

Quantum networks involve entanglement sharing between multiple users. Ideally, any two users would be able to connect regardless of the type of photon source they employ, provided they fulfill the requirements for two-photon interference.…

Advanced quantum communication protocols require high-visibility quantum interference between photons generated at distant nodes, which places stringent demands on optical synchronization. Conventionally, synchronization of optical wave…

We experimentally analyze the complete photon number statistics of parametric downconversion and ascertain the influence of multimode effects. Our results clearly reveal a difference between single mode theoretical description and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-07 M. Avenhaus , H. B. Coldenstrodt-Ronge , K. Laiho , W. Mauerer , I. A. Walmsley , C. Silberhorn

Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC), also known as parametric fluorescence, parametric noise, parametric scattering and all various combinations of the abbreviation SPDC, is a non-linear optical process where a photon…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Christophe Couteau

Atoms and negative ions interacting with laser photons yield a coherent source of photoelectrons. Applying external fields to photoelectrons gives rise to interesting and valuable interference phenomena. We analyze the spatial distribution…

We present a theory of an interference process that starts with N coherently pumped two-mode parametric down-conversion (PDC) sources, whose output modes are directed to N observers such that each observer receives modes from two different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-21 Marek Żukowski , Paweł Cieśliński , Marcin Markiewicz , Konrad Schlichtholz

We analyze the interference of individual photons in a linear-optical setup comprised of two overlapping Mach-Zehnder interferometers joined via a common beam splitter. We show how, in this setup, two kinds of standard interference effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-17 Kevin J. Randles , S. J. van Enk

The interference of photons emitted by dissimilar sources is an essential requirement for a wide range of photonic quantum information applications. Many of these applications are in quantum communications and need to operate at standard…

Parametric down conversion (PDC) is widely interpreted in terms of photons, but, even among supporters of this interpretation, many properties of the photon pairs have been described as "mind-boggling" and even "absurd". In this article we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Trevor W. Marshall

Quantum networks require interfacing stationary and flying qubits. These flying qubits are usually nonclassical states of light. Here we consider two of the leading source technologies for nonclassical light, spontaneous parametric…

The photon statistics of Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion (SPDC) exhibit dependencies on wavelength, pump power, and coincidence time. Notably, the average photon numbers were found to asymmetrically increase with increasing pump…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jeffrey Carvalho , Chiran Wijesundara , Tim Thomay

Since the work of Anderson on localization, interference effects for the propagation of a wave in the presence of disorder have been extensively studied, as exemplified in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light. In the multiple scattering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Cord A. Mueller , Thibaut Jonckheere , Christian Miniatura , Dominique Delande

Correlated photons produced by spontaneous parametric down-conversion are an essential tool for quantum communication, especially suited for long-distance connections. To have a reasonable count rate after all the losses in the propagation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Valerio Scarani , Hugues de Riedmatten , Ivan Marcikic , Hugo Zbinden , Nicolas Gisin

We demonstrate and characterize interference between discrete photons emitted by two separate semiconductor quantum dot states in different samples excited by a pulsed laser. Their energies are tuned into resonance using strain. The photons…

The spectral-temporal correlation and the correlation time of a biphoton wavepacket generated in the process of parametric down-conversion (PDC), is of great importance for a broad range of quantum experiments. We utilise an integrated PDC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-21 Vahid Ansari , Benjamin Brecht , Georg Harder , Christine Silberhorn

Parametric down-conversion is a widely used source of nonclassical light in quantum optics and photonic quantum technologies. While stimulated parametric down-conversion with strong classical seeds is well studied, the regime in which…

Ultra-peripheral collisions (UPCs) involving heavy ions and protons are the energy frontier for photon-mediated interactions. UPC photons can be used for many purposes, including probing low-$x$ gluons via photoproduction of dijets and…