Related papers: The simulation of the activity dependent neural ne…
Artificial Intelligence has looked into biological systems as a source of inspiration. Although there are many aspects of the brain yet to be discovered, neuroscience has found evidence that the connections between neurons continuously grow…
During development, the mammalian brain differentiates into specialized regions with distinct functional abilities. While many factors contribute to functional specialization, we explore the effect of neuronal density on the development of…
Cognition is supported by neurophysiological processes that occur both in local anatomical neighborhoods and in distributed large-scale circuits. Recent evidence from network control theory suggests that white matter pathways linking…
Dynamical criticality has been shown to enhance information processing in dynamical systems, and there is evidence for self-organized criticality in neural networks. A plausible mechanism for such self-organization is activity dependent…
The dynamics of local cortical networks are irregular, but correlated. Dynamic excitatory--inhibitory balance is a plausible mechanism that generates such irregular activity, but it remains unclear how balance is achieved and maintained in…
Novel experimental techniques reveal the simultaneous activity of larger and larger numbers of neurons. As a result there is increasing interest in the structure of cooperative -- or correlated -- activity in neural populations, and in the…
At functional scales, cortical behavior results from the complex interplay of a large number of excitable cells operating in noisy environments. Such systems resist to mathematical analysis, and computational neurosciences have largely…
The relationship between brain structure and function has been probed using a variety of approaches, but how the underlying structural connectivity of the human brain drives behavior is far from understood. To investigate the effect of…
Experimental fMRI studies have shown that spontaneous brain activity i.e. in the absence of any external input, exhibit complex spatial and temporal patterns of co-activity between segregated brain regions. These so-called large-scale…
New cells are generated throughout life and integrate into the hippocampus via the process of adult neurogenesis. Epileptogenic brain injury induces many structural changes in the hippocampus, including the death of interneurons and altered…
Starting from the concept of binary interactions between pairs of particles, a kinetic framework for the description of the action potential dynamics on a neural network is proposed. It consists of two coupled levels: the description of a…
Anatomic connections between brain areas affect information flow between neuronal circuits and the synchronization of neuronal activity. However, such structural connectivity does not coincide with effective connectivity, related to the…
Cortical neurons include many sub-cellular processes, operating at multiple timescales, which may affect their response to stimulation through non-linear and stochastic interaction with ion channels and ionic concentrations. Since new…
A mechanism for self-organization of the degree of connectivity in model neural networks is studied. Network connectivity is regulated locally on the basis of an order parameter of the global dynamics which is estimated from an observable…
Synaptic plasticity allows cortical circuits to learn new tasks and to adapt to changing environments. How do cortical circuits use plasticity to acquire functions such as decision-making or working memory? Neurons are connected in complex…
Flexible cognition requires the ability to rapidly detect systematic functions of variables and guide future behavior based on predictions. The model described here proposes a potential framework for patterns of neural activity to detect…
Neural network models in neuroscience allow one to study how the connections between neurons shape the activity of neural circuits in the brain. In this chapter, we study Combinatorial Threshold-Linear Networks (CTLNs) in order to…
Here we describe an "information based exchange" model of brain function that ascribes to neocortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus distinct network functions. The model allows us to analyze whole brain system set point measures, such as the…
We investigate the influence of indirect connections, interregional distance and collective effects on the large-scale functional networks of the human cortex. We study topologies of empirically derived resting state networks (RSNs),…
Cortical circuits are characterized by exquisitely complex connectivity patterns that emerge during development from undifferentiated networks. The development of these circuits is governed by a combination of precise molecular cues that…