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Twisted two-dimensional (2D) layered materials exhibit many novel and unique phenomena, such as insulation and superconductivity transition, and superlubricity. However, the effect of twisting on these phenomena remains unclear. A key…
Vortex crystals are geometric arrays of vortices found in various physics fields, owing their regular internal structure to mutual interactions within a spatially confined system. In optics, vortex crystals may form spontaneously within a…
Spatial characteristics of diffracted beams produced by the "fork" holograms from incident circular Lauerre-Gaussian modes are studied theoretically. The complex amplitude distribution of a diffracted beam is described by models of the…
Speckle patterns produced by random optical fields with two (or more) widely different correlation lengths exhibit speckle spots that are themselves highly speckled. Using computer simulations and analytic theory we present results for the…
Spontaneous pattern formation from a uniform state is a widely studied nonlinear optical phenomenon that shares similarities with non-equilibrium pattern formation in other scientific domains. Here we show how a single layer of atoms in an…
In crystal optics the special status of the rest frame of the crystal means that space-time symmetry is less restrictive of electrodynamic phenomena than it is of static electromagnetic effects. A relativistic justification for this claim…
When light travels through scattering media, speckles (spatially random distribution of fluctuated intensities) are formed due to the interference of light travelling along different optical paths, preventing the perception of structure,…
We consider the problem of singular beams in optics as a part of the general questions of interactions, shaping and transformations of vortex states with fractional topological charges in physics, in particular, in hydrodynamic and quantum…
The basic building blocks of many forms of optical topologies are particle-like singularities in phase and polarisation, giving rise to lines of darkness that weave complex threads in 3D space. Although known for half a century since…
Coherent backscattering is a coherence effect in the propagation of waves through disordered media involving two or more scattering events. Here, we report on the observation of coherent backscattering from individual atoms and their mirror…
We study entanglement spectra of gapped states on the surfaces of symmetry-protected topological phases. These surface states carry anomalies that do not allow them to be terminated by a trivial state. Their entanglement spectra are…
Selection rules and interference effects in angle resolved photoemission spectra from twisted graphene bilayers are studied within a long wavelength theory for the electronic structure. Using a generic model for the interlayer coupling, we…
Conventional X-ray methods use incoming plane waves and result in discrete diffraction patterns when scattered at crystals. Here we find, by a systematic method, incoming waveforms which exhibit discrete diffraction patterns when scattered…
Random optical fields with two widely different correlation lengths generate far field speckle spots that are themselves highly speckled. We call such patterns speckled speckle, and study their critical points (singularities and stationary…
A novel phenomenon was reported recently that the "local optical spin density" based on Poynting vector might be counter-intuitively opposite to the integrated spin orientation while the one related to the canonical expression might not…
The propagation of monochromatic light through a scattering medium produces speckle patterns in reflection and transmission, and the apparent randomness of these patterns prevents direct imaging through thick turbid media. Yet, since…
We use computer simulations and simple theoretical models to analyze the morphologies that result when rod-like particles end-attach onto a curved surface, creating a finite-thickness monolayer aligned with the surface normal. This geometry…
Particles suspended in a viscous fluid circle in optical vortices generated by holographic optical-tweezer techniques [Curtis J E and Grier D G 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 133901]. We model this system and show that hydrodynamic interactions…
Speckle patterns are inherent features of coherent light propagation through complex media. As a result of interference, they are sensitive to multiple experimental parameters such as the configuration of disorder or the propagating…
We found a finite temperature glass transition in the absence of quenched disorder in frustrated Josephson junction arrays (JJA) on a square lattice with anisotropic Josephson couplings by numerical simulations. The vortexes develop zigzag…