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LISA can observe cosmological millihertz (mHz) gravitational wave (GW) backgrounds that may offer a decisive test for asteroid-mass primordial black hole (PBH) dark matter (DM). In standard scenarios, failing to detect a scalar-induced…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-24 Antonio Junior Iovino , Gabriele Perna , Hardi Veermäe

Our current understanding is that an environment - mainly consisting of gas or stars - is required to bring massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) with total redshifted mass $M_z\sim[10^{4},10^7]~{\rm M}_\odot$ to the LISA band from parsec…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-01-15 Mudit Garg , Laura Sberna , Lorenzo Speri , Francisco Duque , Jonathan Gair

Some stars orbiting supermassive black holes (SMBH) are expected to undergo a gravitational-wave (GW)-driven inspiral and initiate mass transfer on nearly circular orbits. However, the stability and duration of such phases remain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-31 Aleksandra Olejak , Jakob Stegmann , Selma E. de Mink , Ruggero Valli , Re'em Sari , Stephen Justham

Extreme-mass-ratio bursts (EMRBs) are a class of potentially interesting gravitational wave signals. They are produced when a compact object passes through periapsis on a highly eccentric orbit about a much more massive object; we consider…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-10-22 C. P. L. Berry , J. R. Gair

HST observations reveal that young massive star clusters form in gas-rich environments like the Antenn{\ae} galaxy which will merge in collisional processes to form larger structures. These clusters amalgamate and if some of these clusters…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Pau Amaro-Seoane

We compute the expected low-frequency gravitational wave signal from coalescing massive black hole (MBH) binaries at the center of galaxies. We follow the merging history of halos and associated holes via cosmological Monte Carlo…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Sesana , F. Haardt , P. Madau , M. Volonteri

The dynamical formation channels of gravitational wave (GW) sources typically involve a stage when the compact object binary source interacts with the environment, which may excite its eccentricity, yielding efficient GW emission. For the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-28 Zeyuan Xuan , Smadar Naoz , Bence Kocsis , Erez Michaely

The inspiral of a stellar-mass compact object into a massive ($\sim 10^{4}$-$10^{7} M_{\odot}$) black hole produces an intricate gravitational-wave signal. Due to the extreme-mass ratios involved, these systems complete $\sim…

Black holes surrounded by a disk or torus may drive the enigmatic cosmological gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Equivalence in poloidal topology to pulsar magnetospheres shows a high incidence of the black hole-luminosity $L_H$ into the surrounding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-10-13 Maurice H. P. M. van Putten , Amir Levinson

Recent measurements of the Chandra satellite have shown that a supermassive black hole of $M = 2.6 \times 10^{6} M_{\odot}$ is located in the Galactic Center; it seems probable that, from other observations, this fact is common in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 P. Fortini , A. Ortolan

A compact binary in an eccentric orbit radiates gravitational waves (GWs) at all integer harmonics of its orbital frequency. In this study, we investigate the effect of orbital eccentricity on the expected gravitational background radiation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Motohiro Enoki , Masahiro Nagashima

Intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) formed in active galactic nucleus (AGN) disks are expected to inspiral into their central supermassive black holes (SMBHs), generating a stochastic gravitational-wave (GW) background in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-11 Chiara M. F. Mingarelli

A large primordial density perturbation of the Hubble scale will gravitationally collapse, generating an outgoing sound shell, whether or not a primordial black hole (PBH) is formed. In this Letter, we report a hybrid numerical analysis of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-24 Xiang-Xi Zeng , Zhuan Ning , Zi-Yan Yuwen , Shao-Jiang Wang , Heling Deng , Rong-Gen Cai

We estimate the amplitude of the nano-Hz stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB) resulting from an unresolved population of inspiralling massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). To this aim, we use the L-Galaxies semi-analytical model…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-24 David Izquierdo-Villalba , Alberto Sesana , Silvia Bonoli , Monica Colpi

Recently Fuller & Shi proposed that the gravitational collapse of supermassive objects ($M \gtrsim 10^4M_\odot$) could be a cosmological source of $\gamma$-ray bursts (GRBs). The major advantage of their model is that supermassive object…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 J. C. N. de Araujo , O. D. Miranda , O. D. Aguiar

An enormous number of compact binary systems, spanning from stellar to supermassive levels, emit substantial gravitational waves during their final evolutionary stages, thereby creating a stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-05 Zhencheng Li , Zhen Jiang , Xi-Long Fan , Yun Chen , Liang Gao , Qi Guo , Shenghua Yu

One of the main astrophysical processes leading to strong emission of gravitational waves to be detected by the future space-borne interferometer LISA is the capture of a compact star by a black hole with a mass of a few million solar…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Marc Freitag

The dynamical evolution of binaries of intermediate-massive black holes (IMBHs, massive black holes with a mass ranging between $10^2$ and $10^4 M_{\odot}$) in stellar clusters has recently received an increasing amount of attention. This…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-13 Pau Amaro-Seoane , Christoph Eichhorn , Edward K. Porter , Rainer Spurzem

Primordial black holes (PBHs) with a wide mass distribution imprinted by the thermal history of the Universe, which naturally produces a high peak at the solar mass scale, could explain the gravitational-wave events seen by LIGO/Virgo and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-01-18 Eleni Bagui , Sebastien Clesse

A preliminary estimation of gravitational waves (GWs) from the extreme-mass-ratio-inspirals (EMRIs) system in the Galactic Centre (GC) is given for the 37 observed S-stars revolving around the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at Sagittarius…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-06 Rong-Gen Cai , Tong-Bo Liu , Shao-Jiang Wang