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Using Rule 126 elementary cellular automaton (ECA) we demonstrate that a chaotic discrete system --- when enriched with memory -- hence exhibits complex dynamics where such space exploits on an ample universe of periodic patterns induced…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-12-04 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Juan C. Seck-Tuoh-Mora , Ramon Alonso-Sanz

We show techniques of analyzing complex dynamics of cellular automata (CA) with chaotic behaviour. CA are well known computational substrates for studying emergent collective behaviour, complexity, randomness and interaction between order…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-03-29 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Ramon Alonso-Sanz

This paper presents a novel approach to the description and understanding of two-dimensional binary cellular automata with the Moore neighborhood that preserve the number of active cells. Such dynamical systems are known to successfully…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-12-10 B. Wolnik , D. M. Falkiewicz , W. Bołt , A. Rutkowski , B. De Baets

The emergence of complex behaviors in cellular automata is an area that has been widely developed in recent years with the intention to generate and analyze automata that produce space-moving patterns or gliders that interact in a periodic…

We overview networks which characterise dynamics in cellular automata. These networks are derived from one-dimensional cellular automaton rules and global states of the automaton evolution: de Bruijn diagrams, subsystem diagrams, basins of…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2018-02-07 Genaro J. Martínez , Andrew Adamatzky , Bo Chen , Fangyue Chen , Juan C. S. T. Mora

Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini

We define the class of rapidly left expansive cellular automata, which contains fractional multiplication automata, Wolfram's Rule 30, and many others. The definition has been shaped by a proposition of Jen on aperiodicity of columns in…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Johan Kopra

Since their inception at {\it Macy conferences} in later 1940s complex systems remain the most controversial topic of inter-disciplinary sciences. The term `complex system' is the most vague and liberally used scientific term. Using…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2014-06-10 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Ramon Alonso-Sanz

Commonly studied cellular automata are memoryless and have fixed topology of connections between cells. However by allowing updates of links and short-term memory in cells we may potentially discover novel complex regimes of spatio-temporal…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2012-12-13 Ramon Alonso-Sanz , Andrew Adamatzky

Cellular automata have been useful artificial models for exploring how relatively simple rules combined with spatial memory can give rise to complex emergent patterns. Moreover, studying the dynamics of how rules emerge under artificial…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2014-07-11 Theodore P. Pavlic , Alyssa M. Adams , Paul C. W. Davies , Sara Imari Walker

Complexity has been a recurrent research topic in cellular automata because they represent systems where complex behaviors emerge from simple local interactions. A significant amount of previous research has been conducted proposing…

Number-conserving cellular automata are discrete dynamical systems that simulate interacting particles like e.g. grains of sand. In an earlier paper, I had already derived a uniform construction for all transition rules of one-dimensional…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-06-02 Markus Redeker

How do cellular automata behave in the limit of a very large number of cells? Is there a continuum limit with simple properties? We attack this problem by mapping certain classes of automata to quantum field theories for which powerful…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2022-12-08 C. Wetterich

This article introduces new tools to study self-organisation in a family of simple cellular automata which contain some particle-like objects with good collision properties (coalescence) in their time evolution. We draw an initial…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-06-05 Benjamin Hellouin de Menibus , Mathieu Sablik

Many diffusion processes in nature and society were found to be anomalous, in the sense of being fundamentally different from conventional Brownian motion. An important example is the migration of biological cells, which exhibits…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-02-13 J. M. Nava-Sedeno , H. Hatzikirou , R. Klages , A. Deutsch

Computing the configuration of any one-dimensional cellular automaton at generation $n$ can be accelerated by constructing and running a composite rule with a radius proportional to $\log n$. The new automaton is the original one, but with…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Joseph Natal , Oleksiy Al-saadi

Rule 22 elementary cellular automaton (ECA) has a 3--cell neighborhood, binary cell states, where a cell takes state `1' if there is exactly one neighbor, including the cell itself, in state `1'. In Boolean terms the cell-state transition…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2020-05-05 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Rolf Hoffmann , Dominique Deserable , Ivan Zelinka

In this paper we study the space evolution in the Rule 54 reversible cellular automaton, which is a paradigmatic example of a deterministic interacting lattice gas. We show that the spatial translation of time configurations of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-08-20 Katja Klobas , Tomaž Prosen

We study a two-dimensional cellular automaton (CA), called Diffusion Rule (DR), which exhibits diffusion-like dynamics of propagating patterns. In computational experiments we discover a wide range of mobile and stationary localizations…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-13 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Harold V. McIntosh

The density classification task is a famous problem in the theory of cellular automata. It is unsolvable for deterministic automata, but recently solutions for stochastic cellular automata have been found. One of them is a set of stochastic…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2019-07-22 Markus Redeker
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