Related papers: Acceleration Mechanisms
We discuss a semi-analytical solution of the transport equation for electrons at a non-relativistic shock in the presence of synchrotron energy losses. We calculate the spectrum of accelerated (test) particles at any point upstream and…
The acceleration mechanism at ultrarelativistic shocks is investigated using the Monte Carlo simulations. We apply a method of discrete small amplitude particle momentum scattering to reproduce highly anisotropic conditions at the shock and…
The paper gives a short overview of the principles of particle accelerators, their historical development and the typical performance limitations. After an introduction to the basic concepts, the main emphasis is to sketch the layout of…
We propose a novel electron acceleration mechanism, which we call stochastic shock drift acceleration (SSDA), that extends the standard shock drift acceleration (SDA) for low-energy electrons at a quasi-perpendicular shock to include the…
Theoretical concepts ofn cosmic ray particle acceleration at relativistic plasma flows -- shocks and shear layers -- are reviewed. We begin with a discussion of mildly relativistic shock waves. The role of oblique field configurations and…
A theory of electron injection into diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) for the generation of cosmic-ray electrons at collisionless shocks is presented. We consider a recently proposed particle acceleration mechanism called stochastic shock…
As is known the repulsion of the volume elements of an uniformly accelerating charge or a charge supported in an uniform gravitational field accounts for the electromagnetic contribution to the charge's inertial and gravitational mass,…
Transformation rules for coordinates, velocities and accelerations in accelerated reference frames are derived. A generalized approach of the special relativity is taken for a basis. A 7-dimensional space including projections of velocity…
Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at relativistic shocks is widely thought to be an important acceleration mechanism in various astrophysical jet sources, including radio-loud active galactic nuclei such as blazars. Such acceleration can…
The acceleration of charged particles at astrophysical collisionless shock waves is one of the best studied processes for the energization of particles to ultrarelativistic energies, required by multifrequency observations in a variety of…
In this chapter, we review some features of particle acceleration in astrophysical jets. We begin by describing four observational results relating to the topic, with particular emphasis on jets in active galactic nuclei and parallels…
The physics of particle acceleration in turbulent plasmas is a topic of broad interest, which is making rapid progress thanks to dedicated, large-scale numerical experiments. The first part of this paper presents an effective theory of…
The following notes are intended to provide a brief primer in plasma physics, introducing common definitions, basic properties and processes typically found in plasmas. These concepts are inherent in contemporary plasma-based accelerator…
For Encyclopedia of Complexist and System Science No abstract given I. Definition and Introduction II. Ising Model III. Fractals IV. Diffusion on Fractals V. Ising Model on Fractals VI. Other Subjects ? VII. Networks VIII. Future Directions
Non-linear effects in accelerator physics are important for both successful operation of accelerators and during the design stage. Since both of these aspects are closely related, they will be treated together in this overview. Some of the…
We present results of test-particle simulations on both the first- and the second-order Fermi acceleration for relativistic parallel shock waves. Our studies suggest that the role of the second-order mechanism in the turbulent downstream of…
Theoretical approaches to explaining the observed acceleration of the universe are reviewed. We briefly discuss the evidence for cosmic acceleration, and the implications for standard General Relativity coupled to conventional sources of…
In this series of eight papers we present the applications of methods from wavelet analysis to polynomial approximations for a number of accelerator physics problems. In this part we consider orbital motion in transverse plane for a single…
We study diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of protons and electrons at nonrelativistic, high Mach number, quasiparallel, collisionless shocks by means of self-consistent 1D particle-in-cell simulations. For the first time, both species are…
We discuss and compare several geometric structures which imply an upper bound to the acceleration of a particle measured in its rest system. While all of them have the same implications on the motion of a point particle, they differ in…