Related papers: On Reichenbach's causal betweenness
We describe the interface between measure theoretic probability and causal inference by constructing causal models on probability spaces within the potential outcomes framework. We find that measure theory provides a precise and instructive…
In a general algebraic setting, we state some properties of commutators of reflexive admissible relations.
We prove a conjecture of Rudnick and Sarnak on the mass equidistribution of Hecke eigenforms. This builds upon independent work of the authors see arxiv.org:math/0809.1640 and arxiv.org:math/0809.1635.
Graev introduced the construction of a convex polytope associated with a symmetric ternary relation. He showed that the number of left-invariant Einstein metrics on a homogeneous space under some conditions is no more than the normalized…
We present a formalism within which the relationship (discovered by Drinfel'd) between associators (for quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf algebras) and (a variant of) the Grothendieck-Teichmuller group becomes simple and natural, leading to a…
Causal theory is now widely developed with many applications to medicine and public health. However within the discipline of reliability, although causation is a key concept in this field, there has been much less theoretical attention. In…
Perhaps the most prominent current definition of (actual) causality is due to Halpern and Pearl. It is defined using causal models (also known as structural equations models). We abstract the definition, extracting its key features, so that…
We revisit the question of classification of balanced circular words and focus on the case of a ternary alphabet. We propose a $3$-dimensional generalisation of the discrete approximation representation of Christoffel words. By considering…
We define homology of ternary algebras satisfying axioms derived from particle scattering or, equivalently, from the third Reidemeister move. We show that ternary quasigroups satisfying these axioms appear naturally in invariants of…
The principle of the common cause claims that if an improbable coincidence has occurred, there must exist a common cause. This is generally taken to mean that positive correlations between non-causally related events should disappear when…
In this paper the concepts of character contractibility, approximate character amenability (contractibility) and uniform approximate character amenability (contractibility) are introduced. We are concerned with the relations among the…
It is shown that the correlations predicted by relativistic quantum field theory in locally normal states between projections in local von Neumann algebras $\cA(V_1),\cA(V_2)$ associated with spacelike separated spacetime regions $V_1,V_2$…
The identification of causal relations is a cornerstone of the scientific method. Traditional approaches to this task are based on classical statistics. However, such classical approaches do not apply in the quantum domain, where a broader…
We propose a new definition of actual causes, using structural equations to model counterfactuals.We show that the definitions yield a plausible and elegant account ofcausation that handles well examples which have caused problems forother…
Analogues of invariant theory's well-known Roberts theorem are proved for ternary forms. We established that covariants, contravariants and mixed concomitants of a ternary form are uniquely determined by their lead coefficients.
We note a characterization of the amenability of unitary representations (in the sense of Bekka) via the existence of an orthonormal basis supporting an invariant probability charge. Based on this, we explore several natural notions of…
C. Bonnaf{\'e}, M. Geck, L. Iancu, and T. Lam have conjectured a description of one-sided cells in unequal parameter Hecke algebras of type $B$ which is based on domino tableaux of arbitrary rank. In the integer case, this generalizes the…
Though the notion of exchangeability has been discussed in the causal inference literature under various guises, it has rarely taken its original meaning as a symmetry property of probability distributions. As this property is a standard…
We introduce the notion of sofic measurable equivalence relations. Using them we prove that Connes' Embedding Conjecture as well as the Measurable Determinant Conjecture of L\"uck, Sauer and Wegner hold for treeable equivalence relations.
We introduce para-associative algebroids as vector bundles whose sections form a ternary algebra with a generalised form of associativity. We show that a necessary and sufficient condition for local triviality is the existence of a…