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The expressivity of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is dependent on the aggregation functions they employ. Theoretical works have pointed towards Sum aggregation GNNs subsuming every other GNNs, while certain practical works have observed a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Eran Rosenbluth , Jan Toenshoff , Martin Grohe

We propose a nonparametric framework for the analysis of networks, based on a natural limit object termed a graphon. We prove consistency of graphon estimation under general conditions, giving rates which include the important practical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-30 Patrick J. Wolfe , Sofia C. Olhede

In dealing with asymptotic approximation of possibly divergent nets of probability distributions, we are led to study uniform structures on the set of distributions. This paper identifies a class of such uniform structures that may be…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-11-23 Jan Pachl

We study countable graphs that -- up to isomorphism and with probability one -- arise from a random process, in a similar fashion as the Rado graph. Unlike in the classical case, we do not require that probabilities assigned to pairs of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-23 Ziemowit Kostana , Jarosław Swaczyna , Agnieszka Widz

Although theoretical properties such as expressive power and over-smoothing of graph neural networks (GNN) have been extensively studied recently, its convergence property is a relatively new direction. In this paper, we investigate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-23 Chen Cai , Yusu Wang

We present a new approach to graph limit theory which unifies and generalizes the two most well developed directions, namely dense graph limits (even the more general $L^p$ limits) and Benjamini--Schramm limits (even in the stronger…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Agnes Backhausz , Balazs Szegedy

Statistical inference for exponential-family models of random graphs with dependent edges is challenging. We stress the importance of additional structure and show that additional structure facilitates statistical inference. A simple…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-13 Michael Schweinberger , Jonathan Stewart

Most graph kernels are an instance of the class of $\mathcal{R}$-Convolution kernels, which measure the similarity of objects by comparing their substructures. Despite their empirical success, most graph kernels use a naive aggregation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Matteo Togninalli , Elisabetta Ghisu , Felipe Llinares-López , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

In this short note, we introduce cospectral graphons, paralleling the notion of cospectral graphs. As in the graph case, we give three equivalent definitions: by equality of spectra, by equality of cycle densities, and by a unitary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Jan Hladký , Daniel Iľkovič , Jared León , Xichao Shu

We consider a class of growing random graphs obtained by creating vertices sequentially one by one: at each step, we choose uniformly the neighbours of the newly created vertex; its degree is a random variable with a fixed but arbitrary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-13 Svante Janson , Simone Severini

We use an inequality of Sidorenko to show a general relation between local and global subgraph counts and degree moments for locally weakly convergent sequences of sparse random graphs. This yields an optimal criterion to check when the…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Valentas Kurauskas

Graphons are limit objects of sequences of graphs and are used to analyze the behavior of large graphs. Recently, graphon signal processing has been developed to study signal processing on large graphs. A major limitation of this approach…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-26 Feng Ji , Xingchao Jian , Wee Peng Tay

We prove a central limit theorem for a certain class of functions on sparse rank-one inhomogeneous random graphs endowed with additional i.i.d. edge and vertex weights. Our proof of the central limit theorem uses a perturbative form of…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-22 Anja Sturm , Moritz Wemheuer

One of the major results of [N. Robertson and P. D. Seymour. Graph minors. XIII. The disjoint paths problem. J. Combin. Theory Ser. B, 63(1):65--110, 1995], also known as the weak structure theorem, revealed the local structure of graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-03-01 Archontia C. Giannopoulou , Dimitrios M. Thilikos

We explore in this paper sufficient conditions for the $H$-property to hold, with a particular focus on the so-called line graphons. A graphon is a symmetric, measurable function from the unit square $[0,1]^2$ to the closed interval…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-02-01 Mohamed-Ali Belabbas , Xudong Chen , Tamer Basar

We give upper and lower bounds on the number of graphs of fixed degree which have a positive density of triangles. In particular, we show that there are very few such graphs, when compared to the number of graphs without this restriction.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Pierre Collet , Jean-Pierre Eckmann

A sum graph is a finite simple graph whose vertex set is labeled with distinct positive integers such that two vertices are adjacent if and only if the sum of their labels is itself another label. The spum of a graph $G$ is the minimum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Rupert Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years and have achieved excellent performance in semi-supervised node classification tasks. The success of most GNNs relies on one fundamental assumption, i.e., the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Junchao Lin , Yuan Wan , Jingwen Xu , Xingchen Qi

A natural representation of random graphs is the random measure. The collection of product random measures, their transformations, and non-negative test functions forms a general representation of the collection of non-negative weighted…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-04-21 Caleb Bastian , Herschel Rabitz

Quasi-random graphs can be informally described as graphs whose edge distribution closely resembles that of a truly random graph of the same edge density. Recently, Shapira and Yuster proved the following result on quasi-randomness of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-05-12 Hao Huang , Choongbum Lee