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After more than six and half years in orbit, the ESA space observatory INTEGRAL has provided new, exciting results in the soft gamma-ray energy range (from a few keV to a few MeV). With the discovery of about 700 hard X-Ray sources, it has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-28 P. Ubertini , A. Corsi , S. Foley , S. McGlynn , G. De Cesare , A. Bazzano

Very high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-rays have been detected from a wide range of astronomical objects, such as SNRs, pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae, AGN, gamma-ray binaries, molecular clouds, and possibly star-forming regions as…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-01-19 P. H. Thomas Tam , Stefan Wagner , Omar Tibolla , Ryan Chaves

Observations of Gamma-Ray Bursts with the Fermi Large Area Telescope have prompted theoretical advances and posed big challenges in the understanding of such extreme sources, despite the fact that GRB emission above 100 MeV is a fairly rare…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-02-12 Giacomo Vianello , Nicola Omodei , Fermi/LAT collaboration

The second Fermi-LAT source catalog (2FGL) is the deepest survey of the gamma-ray sky ever compiled, containing 1873 sources that constitute a very complete sample down to an energy flux of about 10^(-11) erg cm^(-2) s^(-1). While…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-07-01 M. Doert , M. Errando

The fourth Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) catalog (4FGL) contains 5064 $\gamma$-ray sources detected at high significance, but 26% of them still lack associations at other wavelengths. The SPT-SZ survey, conducted between 2008 and 2011…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-04 Lizhong Zhang , Joaquin D. Vieira , Marco Ajello , Matthew A. Malkan , Melanie A. Archipley , Joseph Capota , Allen Foster , Greg Madejski

We present a catalog of gamma-ray sources at energies above 10 GeV based on data from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) accumulated during the first 3 years of the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. This catalog complements the Second…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-04-16 David Paneque , Jean Ballet , Toby Burnett , Seth Digel , Pascal Fortin , Juergen Knoedlseder

Previous analyses of point sources in the gamma-ray range were done either below 30 MeV or above 100 MeV. Below 30 MeV, the imaging Compton telescope (COMPTEL) onboard NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory detected 26 steady sources in the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-09 Giacomo Principe , Dmitry Malyshev , Stefan Funk

The extragalactic gamma-ray sky is dominated by relativistic jets aligned to the observer's line of sight, i.e., blazars. A few of their misaligned counterparts, e.g., radio galaxies, are also detected with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-10-15 Vaidehi S. Paliya , D. J. Saikia , Alberto Domínguez , C. S. Stalin

Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool in the field of gamma-ray astrophysics. The algorithms can distinguish between different source types, such as blazars and pulsars, and help uncover new insights into the high-energy universe.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-05 Gopal Bhatta , Sarvesh Gharat , Abhimanyu Borthakur , Aman Kumar

The Fermi Gamma-ray Observatory discovered about a thousand extragalactic sources emitting energy from 100 MeV to 100 GeV. The majority of these sources belong to the class of blazars characterized by a quasi-featureless optical spectrum…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-11-02 Simona Paiano , Renato Falomo , Marco Landoni , Aldo Treves , Riccardo Scarpa

The third Fermi-LAT catalog (3FGL) presented the data of the first four years of observations from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope mission. There are 3034 sources, 1010 of which still remain unidentified. Identifying and classifying…

For more than 15 years, since the days of the Energetic Gamma-Ray Experiment Telescope (EGRET) on board the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO; 1991-2000), it has remained an open question why the prominent blazar 3C 345 was not reliably…

We use nine years of gamma-ray data provided by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) to systematically study the light curves of more than two thousand active galactic nuclei (AGN) included in recent Fermi-LAT catalogs. Ten different…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-07-01 P. Peñil , A. Domínguez , S. Buson , M. Ajello , J. Otero-Santos , J. A. Barrio , R. Nemmen , S. Cutini , B. Rani , A. Franckowiak , E. Cavazzuti

The INTEGRAL satellite has been observing the gamma-ray sky for 15 years and has detected over 900 X-ray sources of various nature. However, more than 200 of these sources still lack precise identification. Our goal is to reveal the nature…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-10-31 Francis Fortin , Sylvain Chaty , Alexis Coleiro , John Tomsick , Christian Nitschelm

Since their discovery in 1973, Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) have remained for many years one of the most elusive mysteries in High Energy-Astrophysics. The main problem regarding the nature of GRBs has usually been the lack of knowledge of their…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Alberto J. Castro-Tirado

The high-frequency radio sky, like the gamma-ray sky surveyed by the Fermi satellite, is dominated by flat spectrum radio quasars and BL Lac objects at bright flux levels. To investigate the relationship between radio and gamma-ray emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-18 Elizabeth K. Mahony , Elaine M. Sadler , Tara Murphy , Ronald D. Ekers , Philip G. Edwards , Marcella Massardi

We discuss the nature of the unidentified EGRET source 3EG J1621+8203. In an effort to identify the gamma-ray source, we have examined X-ray images of the field from ROSAT PSPC, ROSAT HRI, and ASCA GIS. Of the several faint X-ray point…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 R. Mukherjee , J. Halpern , N. Mirabal , E. V. Gotthelf

Using a likelihood analysis (updated since McLaughlin & Cordes 2000) and EGRET detections, upper limits and diffuse background measurements, we find a best-fit luminosity law for the gamma-ray pulsar population. We find that roughly 30 of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. A. McLaughlin , J. M. Cordes

The spatial extension of a gamma-ray source is an essential ingredient to determine its spectral properties as well as its potential multi-wavelength counterpart. The capability to spatially resolve gamma-ray sources is greatly improved by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-12 The Fermi LAT Collaboration , M. Ackermann , M. Ajello , L. Baldini , J. Ballet , G. Barbiellini , D. Bastieri , R. Bellazzini , E. Bissaldi , E. D. Bloom , R. Bonino , E. Bottacini , T. J. Brandt , J. Bregeon , P. Bruel , R. Buehler , R. A. Cameron , M. Caragiulo , P. A. Caraveo , D. Castro , E. Cavazzuti , C. Cecchi , E. Charles , A. Chekhtman , C. C. Cheung , G. Chiaro , S. Ciprini , J. M. Cohen , D. Costantin , F. Costanza , S. Cutini , F. D'Ammando , F. de Palma , R. Desiante , S. W. Digel , N. Di Lalla , M. Di Mauro , L. Di Venere , C. Favuzzi , S. J. Fegan , E. C. Ferrara , A. Franckowiak , Y. Fukazawa , S. Funk , P. Fusco , F. Gargano , D. Gasparrini , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , M. Giroletti , D. Green , I. A. Grenier , M. -H. Grondin , L. Guillemot , S. Guiriec , A. K. Harding , E. Hays , J. W. Hewitt , D. Horan , X. Hou , G. Jóhannesson , T. Kamae , M. Kuss , G. La Mura , S. Larsson , M. Lemoine-Goumard , J. Li , F. Longo , F. Loparco , P. Lubrano , J. D. Magill , S. Maldera , D. Malyshev , A. Manfreda , M. N. Mazziotta , P. F. Michelson , W. Mitthumsiri , T. Mizuno , M. E. Monzani , A. Morselli , I. V. Moskalenko , M. Negro , E. Nuss , T. Ohsugi , N. Omodei , M. Orienti , E. Orlando , J. F. Ormes , V. S. Paliya , D. Paneque , J. S. Perkins , M. Persic , M. Pesce-Rollins , V. Petrosian , F. Piron , T. A. Porter , G. Principe , S. Raino , R. Rando , M. Razzano , S. Razzaque , A. Reimer , O. Reimer , T. Reposeur , C. Sgro , D. Simone , E. J. Siskind , F. Spada , G. Spandre , P. Spinelli , D. J. Suson , D. Tak , J. B. Thayer , D. J. Thompson , D. F. Torres , G. Tosti , E. Troja , G. Vianello , K. S. Wood , M. Wood

We present the second catalog of high-energy gamma-ray sources detected by the Large Area Telescope (LAT), the primary science instrument on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope (Fermi), derived from data taken during the first 24 months of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 LAT Collaboration