Related papers: Universality of electron-positron distributions in…
Based on extensive air shower simulations it is shown that the electron distributions with respect to the two angles, determining electron direction at a given shower age, for a fixed electron energy and lateral distance, are universal. It…
It is shown that the shape of any electron distribution in a high energy air shower is the same in all such showers, if taken at the same age, independently of the primary energy, mass and thus, of the interaction model.
The shower simulation code CORSIKA has been used to investigate the electron energy and angular distributions in high-energy showers. Based on the universality of both distributions, we develop an analytical description of Cherenkov light…
The distribution of depth in which a cosmic ray air shower reaches its maximum number of particles ($X_{max}$) is studied and parametrized. Three functions are studied for proton, carbon, silicon, and iron primary particles with energies…
The reconstruction of cosmic-ray-induced extensive air showers with a non-imaging Cherenkov detector array requires knowledge of the Cherenkov yield of any given air shower for a given set of shower parameters. Although air showers develop…
New analysis of lateral distributions (LD) of electrons, muons and charged particles in extensive air showers generated by $10^{15}-10^{19}$ eV cosmic rays has been made with respect to the scaling formalism for LD and air shower…
We analyse the sensitivity of geosynchrotron radio emission from inclined extensive air showers to the energy and mass of primary cosmic rays. We demonstrate that radio emission measurements at suitable lateral distances can infer both the…
We study the azimuthal distributions of Cherenkov photons in Extensive Air Showers (EASs) initiated by $\gamma$-ray, proton and iron primaries of different energies incident at various zenith angles over a high altitude observation level.…
Scaling properties of nuclei- and photon-initiated air showers are examined in wide primary energy range ($10^{14}\div 10^{22}$~eV) taking into account Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal and geomagnetic field effects. It is shown that the invariance…
The shape of the longitudinal development of the showers generated in the atmosphere by very high energy cosmic ray particles encodes information about the mass composition of the flux, and about the properties of hadronic interactions that…
The development of extensive air showers at extreme energies is studied using a simulation model much simpler and cruder, but also more transparent and flexible, than existing sophisticated codes. Evidence for its satisfactory performance…
We review some of the properties of extensive cosmic ray air showers and describe a simple model of the radio-frequency radiation generated by shower electrons and positrons as they bend in the Earth's magnetic field. We perform simulations…
The results of calculations of the charged particles energy, radial and time distributions at the maximum of electromagnetic showers initiated by electrons with energies from 5 to 1000 GeV in Fe, W and Pb are presented. It is shown that the…
Radio emission from cosmic ray air showers has the potential to become an additional, cost-effective observing technique for cosmic ray research, being largely complementary to the well-established particle detector and air fluorescence…
We investigate the feasibility of detecting extensive air showers via their geo-synchrotron X-ray emission from high-altitude platforms. Starting from first principles, we derive a differential expression for the number of emitted photons…
The composition of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is still poorly known and constitutes a very important topic in the field of high-energy astrophysics. Detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays is carried out via the extensive air showers…
Theoretical predictions for lateral distribution function of electrons in extensive air showers based on scaling formalism are presented. Our results are tested by comparison with AGASA experimental data taking into account the contribution…
The paper describes lateral density distributions of electrons and muons of cosmic ray extensive air showers (EAS) in the energy regime of the KASCADE experiment. Potential EAS observables are extracted while some suitable lateral…
In extensive air shower experiments, the number of muons crossing a detector at a given position, as well as their arrival time, arrival direction, and energy, are determined by a more fundamental 3-dimensional distribution linked to the…
Subatomic particles can interact with target nuclei in matter or decay in flight, and an individual high-energy particle can induce a particle shower composed of numerous, lower-energy secondaries. These particle showers broadly exhibit…