Related papers: Numerical Evaluation of Gauge Invariants for $a$-g…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. However it is well known that when certain quantities are calculated using perturbation theory the results are not gauge invariant. The non-gauge invariant terms have to be removed in…
The procedure to find gauge invariant variables for two-parameter nonlinear perturbations in general relativity is considered. For each order metric perturbation, we define the variable which is defined by the appropriate combination with…
Quantum field theory is assumed to be gauge invariant. It is shown that for a Dirac field the assumption of gauge invariance impacts on the way the vacuum state is defined. It is shown that the conventional definition of the vacuum state…
This is the Part III paper of our series of papers on a gauge-invariant perturbation theory on the Schwarzschild background spacetime. After reviewing our general framework of the gauge-invariant perturbation theory and the proposal on the…
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the gauge symmetry of classical field theories in integral formalism. A gauge invariant theory is defined in terms of the invariance of the physical observables under the coordinate…
Conformal low-spin anomalous currents and shadow fields in flat space-time of dimension greater than or equal to four are studied. Gauge invariant formulation for such currents and shadow fields is developed. Gauge symmetries are realized…
The ``close limit,'' a method based on perturbations of Schwarzschild spacetime, has proved to be a very useful tool for finding approximate solutions to models of black hole collisions. Calculations carried out with second order…
The use of the mass term of the gauge field as a gauge fixing term, which was discussed by Zwanziger, Parrinello and Jona-Lasinio in a large mass limit, is related to the non-linear gauge by Dirac and Nambu. We have recently shown that this…
We discuss the so called gauge invariant quantization of anomalous gauge field theory, originally due to Faddeev and Shatashvili. It is pointed out that the further non invariance of relevant path integral measures poses a problem when one…
We suggest that proper variables for the description of non-Abelian theories are those gauge invariant ones which keep the invariance of the winding number functional with respect to topologically nontrivial (large) gauge transformations.…
Experiments and simulations in solid-state high harmonic generation often make use of the distinction between interband and intraband currents. These two contributions to the total current have been associated with qualitatively different…
We continue the discussion of our previous paper on writing down gauge invariant interacting equations for a bosonic string using the loop variable approach. In the earlier paper the equations were written down in one higher dimension where…
The wide applications of higher dimensional gravity and gauge/gravity duality have fuelled the search for new stationary solutions of the Einstein equation (possibly coupled to matter). In this topical review, we explain the mathematical…
In this article, we consider a class of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory which is coupled non-minimally to a scalar field and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. We mainly use the numerical methods to find the solutions to the theory, with…
We show that Schnabl's tachyon vacuum solution is an exact solution of the equation of motion of Witten's open bosonic string field theory in the background of constant antisymmetric two-form field. The action computed at the vacuum…
A systematic way of generating sets of local boundary conditions on the gauge fields in a path integral is presented. These boundary conditions are suitable for one--loop effective action calculations on manifolds with boundary and for…
Gauge theories with finite gauge groups have applications to quantum simulation and quantum gravity. Recently, the exact number of gauge-invariant states was computed for pure gauge theories on arbitrary lattices. In this work, we…
We discuss that Schnabl's solution is an off-shell extension of the boundary state describing a D-brane in the closed string sector. It gives the physical meaning of the gauge invariant overlaps for the solution in our previous paper and…
We consider the general gauge theory with a closed irreducible gauge algebra possessing the non-anomalous global (super)symmetry in the case when the gauge fixing procedure violates the global invariance of classical action. The theory is…
We present an alternative quantization for irreducible open gauge theories. The method relies on the possibility of modifying the classical BRST operator and the gauge-fixing action written as in Yang-Mills type theories, in order to obtain…