Related papers: Gauge-Invariant Formulation of Spin-Current-Densit…
By generalizing the usual current density to a matrix with respect to spin variables, a general equation of continuity satisfied by the density matrix and current density matrix has been derived. This equation holds in arbitrary spin-orbit…
Interactions of gauge-invariant systems are severely constrained by several consistency requirements. One is the preservation of the number of gauge symmetries, another is causal propagation. For lower-spin fields, the emphasis is usually…
The relative merits of current-spin-density- and spin-density-functional theory are investigated for solids treated within the exact-exchange-only approximation. Spin-orbit splittings and orbital magnetic moments are determined at zero…
Through the use of a lattice U(1) Ward-Takahashi identity, one can find a precise definition of flux and electric four-current that does not rely on the continuum limit. The magnetic four-current defined for example by the DeGrand-Toussaint…
We consider the gauge fixed partition function of pure $SU(N_c)$ gauge theory in axial gauge following the Halpern's field strength formalism. We integrate over $3 (N_c^2-1)$ field strengths using the Bianchi identities and obtain an…
A curved two dimensional electron gas with spin-orbit interactions due to the radial confinement asymmetry is considered. At certain relation between the spin-orbit coupling strength and curvature radius the tangential component of the…
We introduce a duality between two-dimensional XY-spin models with symmetry-breaking perturbations and certain four-dimensional SU(2)and SU(2)/Z_2 gauge theories, compactified on a small spatial circle R^(1,2) x S^1, and considered at…
Spin effects in a normal two-dimensional (2D) electron gas in lateral contact with a 2D region with spin-orbit interaction are studied. The peculiarity of this system is the presence of spin-dependent scattering of electrons from the…
A gauge theory of solids with conformal symmetry is formulated to model various electromechanical and magnetomechanical coupling phenomena. If the pulled back metric of the current configuration (the right Cauchy-Green tensor) is scaled…
The study of entanglement in gauge theories is expected to provide insights into many fundamental phenomena, including confinement. However, calculations of quantities related to entanglement in gauge theories are limited by ambiguities…
It is shown that the exchange-correlation part of the action functional $A_{xc}[\rho (\vec r,t)]$ in time-dependent density functional theory , where $\rho (\vec r,t)$ is the time-dependent density, is invariant under the transformation to…
A non-abelian ``self-dual'' massive gauge theory describing a massive spin one physical mode is presented. The action is expressed in terms of two independent connections on a principle bundle over $2+1$ space-time. The kinetic terms are…
A density-functional theory is developed based on the Maxwell--Schr\"odinger equation with an internal magnetic field in addition to the external electromagnetic potentials. The basic variables of this theory are the electron density and…
We theoretically predict that a pure steady state spin-current without charge-current can induce an electric field. A formula for the induced electric field is derived and we investigate its characteristics. Conversely, a moving spin is…
Experiments observing spin density and spin currents (responsible for, e.g., spin-transfer torque) in spintronic devices measure only the nonequilibrium contributions to these quantities, typically driven by injecting unpolarized charge…
The elastic properties of solids are described in close analogy with General Relativity, by locally gauging the translational group of space-time. Electron interactions with the crystal lattice are thus generated by enforcing full gauge…
A non-uniqueness problem of gauge invariant separation of quark and gluon contributions to nucleon spin is considered. We show that there is a wide number of gauge invariant spin decompositions each of them reduces to the canonical one in a…
Kinetic energy functionals of the electronic density are used to model large systems in the context of density functional theory, without the need to obtain electronic wavefunctions. We discuss the problems associated with the application…
The energy density method is generalized to include spin polarization with the full formalism derived based on spin-density functional theory, which aims at decomposing the total energy into well-defined atomic energies. The method involves…
For a non-superconducting system, the electronic tunneling current through an insulating barrier is calculated, including interaction effects. The exact Hamiltonian of the full system is projected onto the subspaces of the "left" and…