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We present a comprehensive theoretical framework for gravitational wave (GW) propagation and their \textbf{nonlinear backreaction} in $f(R, G)$ modified gravity. By developing a scalar-tensor formulation with two auxiliary fields, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-30 Farzad Milani

The equations which determine the response of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field to an incident gravitational wave(GW) are derived in the linearized approximation to general relativity. We briefly discuss several astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-05-23 Demetrios B. Papadopoulos

The response of a gravitational-wave (GW) interferometer is spatially modulated and is described by two antenna patterns, one for each polarization state of the waves. The antenna patterns are derived from the shape and size of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-21 Andrea Virtuoso , Edoardo Milotti

We analyse the response of laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors using the full Maxwell equations in curved spacetime in the presence of weak gravitational waves. Existence and uniqueness of solutions is ensured by setting up a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-19 Thomas Mieling , Piotr T. Chruściel , Stefan Palenta

As a consequence of the extreme precision of the measurements it performs, an interferometric gravitational wave detector is a macroscopic apparatus for which quantum effects are not negligible. I observe that this property can be exploited…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 Giovanni Amelino-Camelia

Quantum sensors exploiting matter waves interferometry promise to realize a new generation of Gravitational Wave detectors. The intrinsic stability of specific atomic energy levels makes atom interferometers and clocks ideal candidates to…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2021-10-04 Andrea Bertoldi , Philippe Bouyer , Benjamin Canuel

The energy density spectrum is an observable of gravitational waves. Divergence has appeared in the energy density spectra of the scalar induced gravitational waves for different gauge fixings. To resolve the discrepancy, we investigate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-06 Zhe Chang , Sai Wang , Qing-Hua Zhu

Magnetic flares and induced oscillations of magnetars (super-magnetized neutron stars) are promising sources of gravitational waves (GWs). We suggest that the GW emission, if any, would last longer than the observed X-ray quasi-periodic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-23 Kazumi Kashiyama , Kunihito Ioka

Matter-wave interferometers have fundamental applications for gravity experiments such as testing the equivalence principle and the quantum nature of gravity. In addition, matter-wave interferometers can be used as quantum sensors to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-30 Meng-Zhi Wu , Marko Toroš , Sougato Bose , Anupam Mazumdar

The response of laser interferometers to gravitational waves has been calculated in a number of different ways, particularly in the transverse-traceless and the local Lorentz gauges. At first sight, it would appear that these calculations…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Malik Rakhmanov

This paper discusses the gauge issue touching the gravitational waves induced at the second order by the scalar modes of cosmological perturbations. These waves are known to depend on the gauge used for their calculation. In this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-27 Vincent Comeau

The recent increasing interest in detecting gravitational waves (GWs) by lunar seismic measurement urges us to have a clear understanding of the response of the moon to passing GWs. In this paper, we clarify the relationship between two…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-09 Han Yan , Xian Chen , Jinhai Zhang , Fan Zhang , Mengyao Wang , Lijing Shao

We extend the formalisms developed in Gair et al. and Cornish and van Haasteren to create maps of gravitational-wave backgrounds using a network of ground-based laser interferometers. We show that in contrast to pulsar timing arrays, which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-20 Joseph D. Romano , Stephen R. Taylor , Neil J. Cornish , Jonathan Gair , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Rutger van Haasteren

This work introduces a geometrical method for analyzing transient gravitational waves recorded at interferometric observatories. This approach is intended to aid in assessing the performance and sensitivity of next-generation detector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-19 Osvaldo M. Moreschi

Due to the universality of gravitational interactions, it is generally expected that a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background could form during the reheating period when the inflaton perturbatively decays with the emission of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-09-04 Da Huang , Lu Yin

Space-based gravitational wave detection is based on the astrodynamical equations derived from gravitational theory to detect changes in distance between spacecraft/celestial bodies and/or their state changes caused by gravitational waves.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-04 Wei-Tou Ni

This article deals with the gravitational lensing (GL) of gravitational waves (GW). We compute the increase in the number of detected GW events due to GL. First, we check that geometrical optics is valid for the GW frequency range on which…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Arnaud-Varvella , M. -C. Angonin , Ph. Tourrenc

For space-borne gravitational wave detectors,such as LISA and TianQin ,the disturbance caused by the coupling of test masses and the external magnetic fields is one of the main sources of the residual acceleration noise. Although the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-03-05 Yuanyang Yu , Butian Zhang , Shengxin Lin , Jianping Liang , Donghua Pan , Shun Wang , Ze-Bing Zhou

Laser-interferometric gravitational wave detectors are commonly modeled as being at rest in transverse-traceless coordinates (and thus geodesic). In this paper, we analyze what happens if the interferometer is mounted on a material that can…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-07 Thomas Spanner , Thomas Mieling , Stefan Palenta

In this review we look into the gauge-dependence of scalar-induced gravitational waves (SIGWs) that are second-order tensors produced by first-order scalar-modes. The method includes deriving the background, first- and second-order Einstein…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-27 Anjali Abirami Kugarajh