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We consider Bel-Robinson-like higher derivative conserved two-index tensors $H_\mn$ in simple matter models, following a recently suggested Maxwell field version. In flat space, we show that they are essentially equivalent to the true…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 S. Deser

Foreword. While most textbooks of general relativity and research articles discuss at length the relative merits of the pseudo tensors proposed by Einstein and by other authors for representing the energy of the gravitational field, Levi…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 T. Levi-Civita

Several energy-momentum "tensors" of gravitational field are considered and compared in the lowest approximation. Each of them together with energy-momentum tensor of point-like particles satisfies the conservation laws when equations of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. I. Nikishov

The values for the gravitational energy-momentum density, given by the famous classical pseudotensors: Einstein, Papapetrou, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thompson, Goldberg, M{\o}ller, and Weinberg, in the small region limit are found to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-04-08 Lau Loi So , James M. Nester , Hsin Chen

Several energy-momentum "tensors" of gravitational field are considered and compared in the lowest approximation. Each of them together with energy-momentum tensor of point-like particles satisfies the conservation laws when equation of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 A. I. Nikishov

The search for the gravitational energy-momentum tensor is often qualified as an attempt of looking for ``the right answer to the wrong question''. This position does not seem convincing to us. We think that we have found the right answer…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 S V Babak , L P Grishchuk

We derive the gravitational energy-momentum pseudotensor $ \tau^{\sigma}_ {\phantom {\sigma} \lambda} $ in metric $ f\left (R \right) $ gravity and in teleparallel $ f\left (T\right) $ gravity. In the first case, $R$ is the Ricci curvature…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-05 Salvatore Capozziello , Maurizio Capriolo , Maria Transirico

We derive the gravitational energy-momentum pseudo-tensor $\tau^\mu_{\phantom{\mu}\nu}$ in both Palatini and metric approaches to $f(R)$ gravity. We then obtain the related cosmological gravitational energy density. Considering a flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-02 H. Abedi , S. Capozziello , M. Capriolo , A. M. Abbassi

We consider the possibility to produce a bouncing universe in the framework of scalar-tensor gravity models in which the scalar field potential may be negative, and even unbounded from below. We find a set of viable solutions with nonzero…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-07-15 B. Boisseau , H. Giacomini , D. Polarski , A. A. Starobinsky

We show that the Bel-Robinson (BR) tensor is - generically, as well as in its original GR setting - an autonomously conserved part of the, manifestly conserved, double gradient of a system's stress-tensor. This suggests its natural…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-13 S. Deser , J. Franklin

Tensor-scalar theories of gravitation are commonly employed as extensions of General Relativity that allow to describe a much wider phenomenology. They are also naturally generated as low energy limit of higher-dimensional or unified…

General Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 F. Minotti , G. Modanese

In this paper, we propose two new classes of tensors: double B-tensors and quasi-double B-tensors, give some properties of double B-tensors and quasi-double B-tensors, discuss their relationships with B-tensors and positive definite tensors…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2014-08-13 Chaoqian Li , Yaotang Li

From a previous paper where we proposed a description of general relativity within the gravito-electromagnetic limit, we propose an alternative modified gravitational theory. As in the former version, we analyze the vector and tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-03 Sergio Giardino

By embedding Einstein's original formulation of GR into a broader context we show that a dynamic covariant description of gravitational stress-energy emerges naturally from a variational principle. A tensor $T^G$ is constructed from a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Dereli , R. W. Tucker

We define super-energy tensors for arbitrary physical fields, including the gravitational, electromagnetic and massless scalar fields. We also define super-super-energy tensors, and so on. All these tensors satisfy the so-called "Dominant…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 J M M Senovilla

We present a detailed study of the effective stress tensor of gravitational wave (GW) as the source for the background Einstein equation and examine three candidates in literature. The second order perturbed Einstein tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-30 Yang Zhang , Xuan Ye

The method of negative density is presented which allows to obtain the analytical solutions for potential energy of new kinds of homogeneous and ihhomogeneous self-gravitating bodies. The homogeneous bispherical concavo-convex lens is…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Zakir F. Seidov

We consider gravitational self interaction in the lowest approximation and assume that graviton interacts with gravitational energy-momentum tensor in the same way as it interacts with particles. We show that, using gravitational vertex…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. I. Nikishov

We study M-tensors and various properties of M-tensors are given. Specially, we show that the smallest real eigenvalue of M-tensor is positive corresponding to a nonnegative eigenvector. We propose an algorithm to find the smallest positive…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2012-03-01 Liping Zhang , Liqun Qi , Guanglu Zhou

Let $n \geq 3$ and $R_{abcd}$ be a $(4,0)$ sectionally positive curvature-type tensor (a tensor possessing all the local symmetries of the $(4,0)$ curvature tensor). Then there exists a metric tensor $g_{ab}$ such that $R_{abcd}\; g^{bd} =…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-06-03 Dan Gregorian Fodor