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The purpose of this article is to formulate a number of probabilistic hidden-variable theorems, to provide proofs in some cases, and counterexamples to some conjectured relationships. The first theorem is the fundamental one. It asserts the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Patrick Suppes , J. Acacio de Barros , Gary Oas

A choice of first-order variables for the characteristic problem of the linearized Einstein equations is found which casts the system into manifestly well-posed form. The concept of well-posedness for characteristic problems invoked is that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Simonetta Frittelli

In this paper we propose a geometric approach to study Painlev\'e equations appearing as constrained systems of three first-order ordinary differential equations. We illustrate this approach on a system of three first-order differential…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-11-05 Galina Filipuk , Michele Graffeo , Giorgio Gubbiotti , Alexander Stokes

We formulate explicitly the necessary and sufficient conditions for the local invertibility of a field transformation involving derivative terms. Our approach is to apply the method of characteristics of differential equations, by treating…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-11-11 Eugeny Babichev , Keisuke Izumi , Norihiro Tanahashi , Masahide Yamaguchi

A multidomain spectral approach for Painlev\'e transcendents on unbounded domains is presented. This method is designed to study solutions determined uniquely by a, possibly divergent, asymptotic series valid near infinity in a sector and…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-07-13 Christian Klein , Nikola Stoilov

Rational solutions of the fourth order analogue to the Painlev'e equations are classified. Special polynomials associated with the rational solutions are introduced. The structure of the polynomials is found. Formulas for their coefficients…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 Nikolai A. Kudryashov , Maria V. Demina

A generalization of determinant formulas for the classical solutions of Painlev\'e XXXIV and Painlev\'e II equations are constructed using the technique of Darboux transformation and Hirota's bilinear formalism. It is shown that the…

solv-int · Physics 2009-10-31 K. Kajiwara , T. Masuda

A multivariate Gauss-Lucas theorem is proved, sharpening and generalizing previous results on this topic. The theorem is stated in terms of a seemingly new notion of convexity. Applications to multivariate stable polynomials are given.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2012-03-30 Marek Kanter

Orthogonal polynomials and multiple orthogonal polynomials are interesting special functions because there is a beautiful theory for them, with many examples and useful applications in mathematical physics, numerical analysis, statistics…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Walter Van Assche

The integrability (solvability via an associated single-valued linear problem) of a differential equation is closely related to the singularity structure of its solutions. In particular, there is strong evidence that all integrable…

solv-int · Physics 2009-10-30 Martin D. Kruskal , Nalini Joshi , Rod Halburd

The linearization of complex ordinary differential equations is studied by extending Lie's criteria for linearizability to complex functions of complex variables. It is shown that the linearization of complex ordinary differential equations…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2011-07-25 S. Ali , F. M. Mahomed , Asghar Qadir

In a recent publication, it was shown that a large class of integrals over the unitary group U(n) satisfy difference equations over $n$, involving a finite number of steps; special cases are generating functions appearing in questions of…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Adler , P. van Moerbeke , P. Vanhaecke

We show that the conditions imposed on a second order linear differential equation with rational coefficients on the complex line by requiring it to have regular singularities with fixed exponents at the points of a finite set $P$ and…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2016-08-09 Szilard Szabo

A construction of differential constraints compatible with partial differential equations is considered. Certain linear determining equations with parameters are used to find such differential constraints. They generalize the classical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 O. V. Kaptsov , A. V. Schmidt

It is be shown that the sequence of Bernstein polynomials for a function of several variables converges to this function uniformly along with every partial derivative of any order, provided that the latter derivative is well defined and…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-10-18 Alexander Veretennikov , Evguenia Veretennikova

We prove the meromorphy of solutions for a wide class of ordinary differential equations. These equations are given by invariant manifolds of non-linear partial differential equations integrable by the inverse scattering method. Some higher…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2022-02-16 A. V. Domrin , M. A. Shumkin , B. I. Suleimanov

We present a sufficient condition for the Riemann hypothesis. This condition is the existence of a special ordering on the set of finite products of distinct odd primes.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Young Deuk Kim

We here present a sufficient condition for general arrowing problems to be non definable in first order logic, based in well known tools of finite model theory e.g. Hanf's Theorem and known concepts in finite combinatorics, like senders and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-09-06 Nerio Borges

We investigate some of the discrete Painleve equations (dPII, qPI and qPII) and the discrete KdV equation over finite fields. The first part concerns the discrete Painleve equations. We review some of the ideas introduced in our previous…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-14 Masataka Kanki , Jun Mada , Tetsuji Tokihiro

From a transfer formula in multivariate finite operator calculus, comes an expansion for the determinant similar to Ryser's formula for the permanent. Although this one contains many more terms than the usual determinant formula. To prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-15 Erik Insko , Katie Johnson , Shaun Sullivan