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Gauge-invariant systems in unconstrained configuration and phase spaces, equivalent to second-class constraints systems upon a gauge-fixing, are discussed. A mathematical pendulum on an $n-1$-dimensional sphere $S^{n-1}$ as an example of a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 M. I. Krivoruchenko , Amand Faessler , A. A. Raduta , C. Fuchs

In this work, we investigate a Lagrangian model describing a particle constrained to move along non-degenerate conic sections, parameterized by the orbital eccentricity \( e \). In the non-relativistic regime, we apply the Dirac--Bergmann…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-08-01 Alejandro G. Andarcia-Caballero , Jaime Manuel-Cabrera , Luis G. Romero-Hernández , Jorge M. Paulin-Fuentes

In this survey, we present a geometric description of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Mechanics on Lie algebroids. The flexibility of the Lie algebroid formalism allows us to analyze systems subject to nonholonomic constraints, mechanical…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jorge Cortes , Manuel de Leon , Juan C. Marrero , D. Martin de Diego , Eduardo Martinez

We present a new multisymplectic framework for second-order classical field theories which is based on an extension of the unified Lagrangian-Hamiltonian formalism to these kinds of systems. This model provides a straightforward and simple…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-08 Pedro D. Prieto-Martínez , Narciso Román-Roy

We adapt the conjectural local Langlands parameterization to split metaplectic groups over local fields. When $\tilde G$ is a central extension of a split connected reductive group over a local field (arising from the framework of Brylinski…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2011-08-09 Martin H. Weissman

The expansion of a Lie algebra entails finding a new, bigger algebra G, through a series of well-defined steps, from an original Lie algebra g. One incarnation of the method, the so-called S-expansion, involves the use of a finite abelian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-13 Fernando Izaurieta , Alfredo Pérez , Eduardo Rodríguez , Patricio Salgado

A formulation of singular classical theories (determined by degenerate Lagrangians) without constraints is presented. A partial Hamiltonian formalism in the phase space having an initially arbitrary number of momenta (which can be smaller…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-09-09 Steven Duplij

We introduce a primal-dual framework for solving linearly constrained nonconvex composite optimization problems. Our approach is based on a newly developed Lagrangian, which incorporates \emph{false penalty} and dual smoothing terms. This…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Jong Gwang Kim

A pure Dirac's framework for 3D Palatini's theory with cosmological constant is performed. By considering the complete phase space, we find out the full structure of the constraints, and their corresponding algebra is computed explicitly.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Alberto Escalante , Omar Rodríguez Tzompantzi

The Dirac Hamiltonian formalism is applied to a system in $(2+1)$-dimensions consisting of a Dirac field $\psi$ minimally coupled to Chern-Simons $U(1)$ and $SO(2,1)$ connections, $A$ and $\omega$, respectively. This theory is connected to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-22 Alfredo Guevara , Pablo Pais , Jorge Zanelli

We study configurations of disjoint Lagrangian submanifolds in certain low-dimensional symplectic manifolds from the perspective of the geometry of Hamiltonian maps. We detect infinite-dimensional flats in the Hamiltonian group of the…

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2023-02-07 Leonid Polterovich , Egor Shelukhin

In the Dirac approach to the generalized Hamiltonian formalism, dynamical systems with first- and second-class constraints are investigated. The classification and separation of constraints into the first- and second-class ones are…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 N. P. Chitaia , S. A. Gogilidze , Yu. S. Surovtsev

In the past years, augmented Lagrangian methods have been successfully applied to several classes of non-convex optimization problems, inspiring new developments in both theory and practice. In this paper we bring most of these recent…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-27 Roberto Andreani , Kelvin Rodrigues Couto , Orizon Pereira Ferreira , Gabriel Haeser

The split involution quantization scheme, proposed previously for pure second--class constraints only, is extended to cover the case of the presence of irreducible first--class constraints. The explicit Sp(2)--symmetry property of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-26 I. A. Batalin , S. L. Lyakhovich , I. V. Tyutin

In Dirac-Bergmann constrained dynamics, a first-class constraint typically does not _alone_ generate a gauge transformation. Each first-class constraint in Maxwell's theory generates a change in the electric field E by an arbitrary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-10 J. Brian Pitts

A novel Dirac Hamiltonian formulation of the first order Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action, in which algebraic constraints are not solved to eliminate fields from the action at the Lagrangian level, has been shown to lead to an action and a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-04-07 R. N. Ghalati

Constructions introduced by Dirac for singular Lagrangians are extended and reinterpreted to cover cases when kernel distributions are either nonintegrable or of nonconstant rank, and constraint sets need not be closed.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-07-22 Larry Bates , Jedrzej Sniatycki

A Lagrangian formulation is given extending to N = 1 supersymmetry the motion of a charged point particle with spin in a non-abelian external field. The classical formulation is constructed for any external static non-abelian SU(N) gauge…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-02-10 Michaël Fanuel , Jan Govaerts , Gabriel Y. H. Avossevou , Anselme F. Dossa

We discuss a general prototypical constrained Hamiltonian system with a broad application in quantum field theory and similar contexts where dynamics is defined through a functional action obeying a stationarity principle. The prototypical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-04 Ignacio S. Gomez , Vipul Kumar Pandey , Ronaldo Thibes

Discrete diffusion models generate structured sequences by progressively unmasking tokens, but enforcing global property constraints during generation remains an open challenge. We propose primal-dual guided decoding, an inference-time…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Federico Tomasi , Dmitrii Moor , Alice Wang , Mounia Lalmas