Related papers: Closures in Formal Languages and Kuratowski's Theo…
We extend results regarding a combinatorial model introduced by Black, Drellich, and Tymoczko (2017+) which generalizes the folding of the RNA molecule in biology. Consider a word on alphabet $\{A_1, \overline{A}_1, \ldots, A_m,…
We construct an internal language for cartesian closed bicategories. Precisely, we introduce a type theory modelling the structure of a cartesian closed bicategory and show that its syntactic model satisfies an appropriate universal…
We argue that some supersymmetric multiplets can naturally be equipped with the structure of an open-closed homotopy algebra. This structure is readily described through the pure spinor superfield formalism, which in particular associates a…
Kotlarski's theorem (see H. Kotlarski. Bounded Induction and Satisfaction Classes. Mathematical Logic Quarterly, vol. 32, 31-34, 1986, P. 531--544.) formalized in $WKL_0$.
We give a Kuratowski-type classification of a graph-defined class of minimal piecewise-linear obstructions to embeddability in the 3-sphere. A finite simplicial complex \(X\) is called critical for \(S^3\) if \(|X|\) does not embed in…
We determine all composition-closed equational classes of Boolean functions. These classes provide a natural generalization of clones and iterative algebras: they are closed under composition, permutation and identification…
In this article, we present a fresh perspective on language, combining ideas from various sources, but mixed in a new synthesis. As in the minimalist program, the question is whether we can formulate an elegant formalism, a universal…
Using recent results in topos theory, two systems of higher-order logic are shown to be complete with respect to sheaf models over topological spaces---so-called ``topological semantics''. The first is classical higher-order logic, with…
A word $w$ is said to be closed if it has a proper factor $x$ which occurs exactly twice in $w$, as a prefix and as a suffix of $w$. Based on the concept of Ziv-Lempel factorization, we define the closed $z$-factorization of finite and…
In this work, it is proved that a set of numbers closed under addition and whose representations in a rational base numeration system is a rational language is not a finitely generated additive monoid. A key to the proof is the definition…
Kleene algebra (KA) is the algebra of regular events. Familiar examples of Kleene algebras include regular sets, relational algebras, and trace algebras. A Kleene algebra with tests (KAT) is a Kleene algebra with an embedded Boolean…
Alternating bilinear maps with few relations allow to define a combinatorial closure similarly as in [2]. For the $\aleph_0$-categorical case we show that this closure is part of the algebraic closure.
We prove that every proper subclass of the 321-avoiding permutations that is defined either by only finitely many additional restrictions or is well quasi-ordered has a rational generating function. To do so we show that any such class is…
A clonoid is a set of finitary functions from a set $A$ to a set $B$ that is closed under taking minors. Hence clonoids are generalizations of clones. By a classical result of Post, there are only countably many clones on a 2-element set.…
We give a simpler proof of a result of Hodkinson in the context of a blow and blur up construction argueing that the idea at heart is similar to that adopted by Andr\'eka et all \cite{sayed}. The idea is to blow up a finite structure,…
We define two natural classes of functions, called 2-open and 2-closed, that are closest to open and closed functions. We show that they have the following property: there are $X_i \subset X$ $ (i=1,2,...$) such that $f|X_i$ are open or…
The enumeration degrees of sets of natural numbers can be identified with the degrees of difficulty of enumerating neighborhood bases of points in a universal second-countable $T_0$-space (e.g. the $\omega$-power of the Sierpi\'nski space).…
This work is a study of polynomial compositions having a fixed number of terms. We outline a recursive method to describe these characterizations, give some particular results and discuss the general case. In the final sections, some…
We consider in general two-block substitutions and their fixed points. We prove that some of them have a simple structure: their fixed points are morphic sequences. Others are intrinsically more complex, such as the Kolakoski sequence. We…
We investigate the number of sets of words that can be formed from a finite alphabet, counted by the total length of the words in the set. An explicit expression for the counting sequence is derived from the generating function, and…