Related papers: On Newton's Third Law
Newton's second law may be used to obtain a wave equation, which reduces to Schrodinger's equation in the nonrelativistic limit and for a conservative force.
The procedure used to "do physics" in the macroscopic world is familiar: You take an object, start it off with a particular position and velocity, subject it to known forces (say gravity or friction, or both), and follow its trajectory. You…
We present data from a between-student study on student response to questions on Newton's Third Law given throughout the academic year. The study, conducted at Rochester Institute of Technology, involved students from the first and third of…
The conservation laws of nonrelativistic and relativistic systems are reviewed and some simple illustrations are provided for the restrictive nature of the relativistic conservation law involving the center of energy compared to the…
As is well known, in order for the Einstein--Hilbert action to have a well defined variation, and therefore to be used for deriving field equation through the stationary action principle, it has to be amended by the addition of a suitable…
Temperature is an outsider in the laws of motion given by Newton and Einstein and this oversight is the source of the predictions of time-reversal-invariance made by these two great systems of motion. By taking into consideration Planck's…
The problem of the electromagnetic radiation of an accelerated charged particle is one of the most controversial issues in Physics since the beginning of the last century, representing one of the most popular unsolved problems of the Modern…
Over the last decade it has been found that nonlinear laws of composition of momenta are predicted by some alternative approaches to "real" 4D quantum gravity, and by all formulations of dimensionally-reduced (3D) quantum gravity coupled to…
It is argued that the world is a dissipative dynamic system, a phase flow of which is formed by conformally-symplectic mapping. The key assumption is that the concept of energy in microcosm makes sense only for the steady motions…
We explain from first principles why satisfying conservation laws in Bose Einstein condensate dynamics requires many-body theory. For the Gross-Pitaevskii mean-field we show analytically and numerically that conservation laws are violated.…
On the basis of a general action principle, we revisit the scale invariant field equation using the co-tensor relations by Dirac (1973). This action principle also leads to an expression for the scale factor $\lambda$, which corresponds to…
A major part of the many thermally driven processes in our natural environment as well as in engineering solutions of Carnot-type machinery is based on the second law of thermodynamics (or principle of entropy increase). An interesting link…
We present a new derivation of the expressions for momentum and energy of a relativistic particle. In contrast to the procedures commonly adopted in textbooks, the one suggested here requires only the knowledge of the composition law for…
A generalized reciprocal theorem is formulated for the motion and hydrodynamic force moments of an active particle in an arbitrary background flow of a (weakly nonlinear) complex fluid. This formalism includes as special cases a number of…
The question of where the inertial properties of matter come from has been open for a long time. Isaac Newton considered inertia an intrinsic property of matter. Ernst Mach held a different view whereby the inertia of a body comes from its…
We outline two subjects of relativistic mechanics: (i) the set of allowable world lines, and (ii) the origin of the relativistic law of dynamics governing point particles. We show that: (i) allowable world lines in the classical theory of…
According to Einstein's principle of general covariance, all laws of nature are to be expressed by manifestly covariant equations. In recent work, the covariant law of energy-momentum conservation has been established. Here, we show that…
In non-gravitational quantum field theory, the entanglement entropy across a surface depends on the short-distance regularization. Quantum gravity should not require such regularization, and it's been conjectured that the entanglement…
From the principle of maximum entropy for a closed system in thermal equilibrium, for the first instance a clear relation is shown to exist between total entropy S (in terms of arrangements of particles) and the classical expression for the…
We solve a set of selected exercises on rotational motion requiring a mechanical and thermodynamical analysis. When non-conservative forces or thermal effects are present, a complete study must use the first law of thermodynamics together…