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Over the years, the so-called black hole information loss paradox has generated an amazingly diverse set of (often radical) proposals. However, forty years after the introduction of Hawking's radiation, there continues to be a debate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-04-18 Elias Okon , Daniel Sudarsky

The origin of black hole entropy and the black hole information problem provide important clues for trying to piece together a quantum theory of gravity. Thus far, discussions on this topic have mostly assumed that in a consistent theory of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-02 Markus P. Mueller , Jonathan Oppenheim , Oscar C. O. Dahlsten

The unitary crisis for black holes indicates an apparent need to modify local quantum field theory. This paper explores the idea that quantum mechanics and in particular unitarity are fundamental principles, but at the price of familiar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-03-19 Steven B. Giddings

The recent progress in string theory strongly suggests that formation and evaporation of black holes is a unitary process. This fact makes it imperative that we find a flaw in the semiclassical reasoning that implies a loss of information.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 Samir D. Mathur

The black hole information paradox has been with us for some time. We outline the nature of the paradox. We then propose a resolution based on an examination of the properties of quantum gravity under circumstances that give rise to a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-09-07 Malcolm J. Perry

This contribution overviews the information paradox, or perhaps more aptly "unitarity crisis," and a proposed resolution called nonviolent unitarization. It begins by examining the conflict of principles that yields the crisis, which can be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-02-26 Steven B. Giddings

To understand the information loss paradox in a consistent way, we provide a brief big picture that describes both outside and inside a black hole. We summary several ideas including the Euclidean path integral, the entanglement entropy,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-12-06 Dong-han Yeom

The fate of classical information incident on a quantum black hole has been the subject of an ongoing controversy in theoretical physics, because a calculation within the framework of semi-classical curved-space quantum field theory appears…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-17 Christoph Adami , Greg Ver Steeg

The incompatibility between gravity and quantum coherence represented by black holes should be solved by a consistent quantum theory that contains gravity as superstring theory. Despite many encouraging results in that sense, I question…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Daniele Amati

It has been suggested [1] that the resolution of the information paradox for evaporating black holes is that the holes are surrounded by firewalls, bolts of outgoing radiation that would destroy any infalling observer. Such firewalls would…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-01-23 S. W. Hawking

Thirty years of a deepening information paradox suggest the need to revise our basic physical framework. Multiple indicators point toward reassessment of the principle of locality: lack of a precise definition in quantum gravity, behavior…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Steven B. Giddings

The aim of this chapter is twofold. First, we introduce the information loss problem; second, we provide a critical assessment by thoroughly inspecting the assumptions underlying its formulations. In particular, we argue that if we work in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-02 Luca Buoninfante , Francesco Di Filippo

Bringing gravity into a quantum-mechanical framework is likely the most profound remaining problem in fundamental physics. The "unitarity crisis" for black hole evolution appears to be a key facet of this problem, whose resolution will…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-22 Steven B. Giddings

String theory provides numerous examples of duality between gravitational theories and unitary gauge theories. To resolve the black hole information paradox in this setting, it is necessary to better understand how unitarity is implemented…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 David A. Lowe , Larus Thorlacius

We consider the information loss paradox at different angles, from the standard semi-classical approximation of General Relativity to the recently proposed scenarios of black holes evolution caused by effects of gravity quantization.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-01-08 A J Nurmagambetov , I Y Park

We argue that the recently proposed principle of relative locality offers a new way to resolve the black hole information puzzle.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-08-06 Lee Smolin

The black hole information loss paradox epitomizes the contradictions between general relativity and quantum field theory. The AdS/CFT correspondence provides an implicit answer for the information loss paradox in black hole physics by…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-19 Leopoldo A. Pando Zayas

The formation and evaporation of a black hole can be viewed as a scattering process in Quantum Gravity. Semiclassical arguments indicate that the process should be non-unitary, and that all the information of the original quantum state…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Jorge G. Russo

In a recent paper Hawking has argued that there is no information loss in black holes in asymptotically AdS spacetimes. We remind that there are several types of information (entropy) in statistical physics -- fine grained (microscopic) and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Th. M. Nieuwenhuizen , I. V. Volovich

This paper revisits the conundrum faced when one attempts to understand the dynamics of black hole formation and evaporation without abandoning unitary evolution. Previous efforts to resolve this puzzle assume that information escapes in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 S. B. Giddings