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This paper presents a physics-based modeling framework for the analysis and transient simulation of circuits containing Spin-Transfer Torque (STT) Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) devices. The framework provides the tools to analyze the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Fernando García-Redondo , Pranay Prabhat , Mudit Bhargava , Cyrille Dray

The magnetoelectric effects in multiferroics have a great potential in creating next-generation memory devices. We conceive a new concept of non-volatile memories based on a type of nonlinear magnetoelectric effects showing a…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-17 Jianxin Shen , Junzhuang Cong , Yisheng Chai , Dashan Shang , Shipeng Shen , Kun Zhai , Ying Tian , Young Sun

Superconducting electronics represents a promising technology, offering not only efficient integration with quantum computing systems, but also the potential for significant power reduction in high-performance computing. Nonetheless, the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2025-03-24 Leon Ruf , Angelo Di Bernardo , Elke Scheer

Spin Orbit Torque-Magnetic Random Access Memory (SOT-MRAM) is being developed as a successor to the Spin transfer torque MRAM (STT-MRAM) owing to its superior performance on the metrics of reliability and read-write speed. SOT switching of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Akanksha Chouhan , Heston A. Mendonca , Abhishek Erram , Ashwin A. Tulapurkar

We present a design-scheme for ultra-low power neuromorphic hardware using emerging spin-devices. We propose device models for 'neuron', based on lateral spin valves and domain wall magnets that can operate at ultra-low terminal voltage of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-07-19 Mrigank Sharad , Charles Augustine , Georgios Panagopoulos , Kaushik Roy

Embedded non-volatile memory technologies such as resistive random access memory (RRAM) and spin-transfer torque magnetic RAM (STT MRAM) are increasingly being researched for application in neuromorphic computing and hardware accelerators…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Debasis Das , Xuanyao Fong

We have studied the spin transport characteristics of a spin metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (spin MOSFET), particularly the bias voltage dependence of the electron spin polarization P_S in Si and the magnetoresistance…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Shoichi Sato , Masaaki Tanaka , Ryosho Nakane

Nanometallic devices based on amorphous insulator-metal thin films are developed to provide a novel non-volatile resistance-switching random-access memory (RRAM). In these devices, data recording is controlled by a bipolar voltage, which…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-12-08 Xiang Yang

Embedded machine learning (ML) systems have now become the dominant platform for deploying ML serving tasks and are projected to become of equal importance for training ML models. With this comes the challenge of overall efficient…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Ahmet Inci , Mehmet Meric Isgenc , Diana Marculescu

We numerically investigate the effect of magnetic and electrical damages at the edge of a perpendicular magnetic random access memory (MRAM) cell on the spin-transfer-torque (STT) efficiency that is defined by the ratio of thermal stability…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-09-02 Kyungmi Song , Kyung-Jin Lee

Spin currents are used to write information in magnetic random access memory (MRAM) devices by switching the magnetization direction of one of the ferromagnetic electrodes of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) nanopillar. Different physical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Christopher Safranski , Jonathan Z. Sun , Andrew D. Kent

Non-volatile resistive switching, also known as memristor effect in two terminal devices, has emerged as one of the most important components in the ongoing development of high-density information storage, brain-inspired computing, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-02-06 Saban M. Hus , Ruijing Ge , Po-An Chen , Meng-Hsueh Chiang , Gavin E. Donnelly , Wonhee Ko , Fumin Huang , Liangbo Liang , An-Ping Li , Deji Akinwande

This paper presents a novel framework for designing support vector machines (SVMs), which does not impose restriction on the SVM kernel to be positive-definite and allows the user to define memory constraint in terms of fixed template…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-01-07 P. Kumar , A. R. Nair , O. Chatterjee , T. Paul , A. Ghosh , S. Chakrabartty , C. S. Thakur

The possible use of spin and magnets in place of charge and capacitors to store and process information is well known. Magnetic tunnel junctions are being widely investigated and developed for magnetic random access memories. These are two…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2014-11-26 Behtash Behin-Aein , Jian-Ping Wang , Roland Wiesendanger

Impact of spin transfer torque (STT) on the write error rate of a voltage-torque-based magnetoresistive random access memory is theoretically analyzed by using the macrospin model. During the voltage pulse the STT assists or suppresses the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-06-04 Hiroshi Imamura , Rie Matsumoto

The concept of low-voltage depletion and accumulation of electron charge in semiconductors, utilized in field-effect transistors (FETs), is one of the cornerstones of current information processing technologies. Spintronics which is based…

The integration of the spin degree of freedom in charge-based electronic devices has revolutionised both sensing and memory capability in microelectronics. Further development in spintronic devices requires electrical manipulation of spin…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-15 Wenjing Yan , Oihana Txoperena , Roger Llopis , Hanan Dery , Luis E. Hueso , Fèlix Casanova

The rapid growth of deep neural network (DNN) workloads has significantly increased the demand for large-capacity on-chip SRAM in machine learning (ML) applications, with SRAM arrays now occupying a substantial fraction of the total die…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Subhradip Chakraborty , Ankur Singh , Xuming Chen , Gourav Datta , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

Volatile memristors have recently gained popularity as promising devices for neuromorphic circuits, capable of mimicking the leaky function of neurons and offering advantages over capacitor-based circuits in terms of power dissipation and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Tanay Patni , Rishona Daniels , Shahar Kvatinsky

The primary mechanism of operation of almost all transistors today relies on electric-field effect in a semiconducting channel to tune its conductivity from the conducting 'on'-state to a non-conducting 'off'-state. As transistors continue…